干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Wind erosion after steppe conversion in Kazakhstan

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.still.2023.105941
	Wind erosion after steppe conversion in Kazakhstan
	Koza, Moritz; Funk, Roger; Poehlitz, Julia; Conrad, Christopher; Shibistova, Olga; Meinel, Tobias; Akshalov, Kanat; Schmidt, Gerd
通讯作者	Koza, M
来源期刊	SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
ISSN	0167-1987
EISSN	1879-3444
出版年	2024
卷号	236
英文摘要	Semi-arid regions of Central Asia suffer from wind erosion due to expanding steppe conversion and unsustainable farming practices. Empirical data from field observations are needed to support the implementation of adapted management. In this study, a mobile wind tunnel was used for the first time in Kazakhstan to assess the soil's erodibility under real conditions. Field experiments were conducted on loamy sands with different initial con-ditions that are typical for the most erosive time of the year: a bare surface with a cloddy structure after recent steppe conversion, a weak crust on a plot with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and a plot with loose material in the rows of maize plants (Zea mays L.). Subsequently, different levels of mechanical stress (low, moderate, high) were considered to analyze the effect of disruptive forces soils experience during field cultivation (light cultivator, disc harrow, tractor tires) on possible soil losses. The results of wind tunnel experiments showed already great dif-ferences under initial conditions. The cloddy structure of the recent steppe conservation had the lowest sus-ceptibility against wind erosion due to a good aggregation and a large roughness, resulting in soil loss of 12 g m- 2. The plot grown with barley was less affected by wind erosion due to the weak crust, smaller distances between plants, and leaves close to the ground (soil loss of 34 g m- 2). Maize was also the most problematic crop in the study area because wind can blow below the plant canopy without considerable resistance during the early growth stages. Additionally, existing deposits in the maize rows from previous erosion events led to the highest soil loss of 1609 g m- 2. Mechanical stress by seedbed preparation generally increased the erodible fraction, resulting in higher soil losses (light cultivator: 198 +/- 129 g m- 2, disc harrow: 388 +/- 258 g m- 2). The most severe disruption of soil structure occurred on tractor tire tracks, causing a loss of 2767 +/- 1810 g m- 2. Consequently, the pulverizing effect of tractor tires on dry soil must be considered a serious emission source. Comparing the soil organic carbon content of topsoil and eroded material showed that organic carbon was enriched only in the aeolian sediments of the recently converted plot (+69%). We conclude that soils after steppe conversion need to be treated with particular care from the very beginning so that severe events from the past are not repeated.
英文关键词	Wind tunnel On -farm experimentation Soil management Soil loss Particle size distribution Soil organic carbon
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	hybrid
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:001123034300001
WOS关键词	AGGREGATE SIZE DISTRIBUTION ; CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE ; SOIL-EROSION ; ERODIBLE FRACTION ; ORGANIC-MATTER ; DUST EMISSION ; CENTRAL-ASIA ; TUNNEL ; TILLAGE ; MANAGEMENT
WOS类目	Soil Science
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/405641
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Koza, Moritz,Funk, Roger,Poehlitz, Julia,et al. Wind erosion after steppe conversion in Kazakhstan[J],2024,236.
APA	Koza, Moritz.,Funk, Roger.,Poehlitz, Julia.,Conrad, Christopher.,Shibistova, Olga.,...&Schmidt, Gerd.(2024).Wind erosion after steppe conversion in Kazakhstan.SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH,236.
MLA	Koza, Moritz,et al."Wind erosion after steppe conversion in Kazakhstan".SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH 236(2024).