干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Comprehensive hydrogeological study of the Nubian aquifer System, Northeast Africa

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DOI	10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.131237
	Comprehensive hydrogeological study of the Nubian aquifer System, Northeast Africa
	Hosseini, Zohreh; Raeisi, Ezzat; Abdollahifard, Iraj; Teatini, Pietro
通讯作者	Hosseini, Z
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
ISSN	0022-1694
EISSN	1879-2707
出版年	2024
卷号	636
英文摘要	The Nubian Aquifer System (NAS) is one of the largest known deep aquifers, with an area of 1.7 Mkm2 and a maximum depth of 4000 m. It is located in North-East Africa and shared between Egypt, Libya, Chad, and Sudan countries. The sediments deposited inside intra-cratonic basins from the Precambrian to the Quaternary. The NAS consists of the Nubian sandstone aquifer (NSA) overlain by the Post Nubian limestone aquifer (PNLA) in northern portion of the basin. This study provides a comprehensive review of the NAS including sedimentary basin evolution, geology, geomorphology, current and past climate, hydrogeology, general flow direction, water balance, hydrochemistry, water resources management and permissible exploitation period. The primary mechanisms behind the formation of the deep NAS involve the weathering of granitic igneous rock around the basin, low compressibility sandstone and displacement of saline water trapped during deposition by precipitation since one million years ago. The general flow direction is from the southern heights northward, reaching to a depth of 3500 m below sea level, eventually discharging into the Qattara Depression and the Mediterranean Sea during the pre-development period and in local low-lying oases. The NAS has discovered through hydrocarbon exploration. The Total Freshwater Storage Volume (TFSV) is estimated to be about 500 trillion m3 before exploitation. In 2006, groundwater extraction was 2.17 billion m3. Overexploitation without a scientific plan resulted in drying springs, decreasing water levels and quality, land subsidence and intrusion of saltwater from the Mediterranean Sea. The groundwater age is between 4,000 and 50,000 years at a depth fewer than 750 m and up to one million years at lower depth. Therefore, the majority of the aquifer's TFSV is nonrenewable. The lack of systematic, reliable, locally and timescale distributed data are the main challenge of hydrological studies, especially in water balance estimation. TDS varies from 70 to 8500 mg/l, with the NSA water quality generally better than the PNLA. Some parts of the aquifer have reported heavy elements, including lead, manganese, cadmium, chromium and iron. As the NAS is predominantly nonrenewable, only a small percentage of the TFSV, termed the Permissible Exploited Storage Volume (PESV), can be safely exploited in the future. However, determining the extent, location, and implementation plan for the PESV raises critical questions. In addressing these urgent inquiries, the comprehensive review presented in this paper should be regarded as an initial and crucial step in developing a reliable physics-based numerical model of the NAS aquifer system. This model will allow to explore sustainable management practices that effectively address potential challenges.
英文关键词	Deep aquifer Nonrenewable aquifers Nubian aquifer system Hydrogeology Transboundary aquifer Modelling
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:001293787500001
WOS关键词	GROUNDWATER-FLOW MODEL ; WESTERN DESERT ; SANDSTONE AQUIFER ; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION ; EASTERN DESERT ; DAKHLA OASIS ; SIRTE-BASIN ; KUFRA ; LIBYA ; PLEISTOCENE
WOS类目	Engineering, Civil ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Water Resources
WOS研究方向	Engineering ; Geology ; Water Resources
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/404587
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hosseini, Zohreh,Raeisi, Ezzat,Abdollahifard, Iraj,et al. Comprehensive hydrogeological study of the Nubian aquifer System, Northeast Africa[J],2024,636.
APA	Hosseini, Zohreh,Raeisi, Ezzat,Abdollahifard, Iraj,&Teatini, Pietro.(2024).Comprehensive hydrogeological study of the Nubian aquifer System, Northeast Africa.JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY,636.
MLA	Hosseini, Zohreh,et al."Comprehensive hydrogeological study of the Nubian aquifer System, Northeast Africa".JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY 636(2024).