干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Introducing a stratified vertical gravel tube subsurface drip system under different irrigation regimes for pistachio: Growth, yield and water productivity

Arid

DOI	10.1002/ird.2897
	Introducing a stratified vertical gravel tube subsurface drip system under different irrigation regimes for pistachio: Growth, yield and water productivity
	Tavakoli, Ali Reza; Sepaskhah, Ali Reza; Hokmabadi, Hossein
通讯作者	Tavakoli, AR
来源期刊	IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
ISSN	1531-0353
EISSN	1531-0361
出版年	2024
卷号	73 期号:2 页码:426-443
英文摘要	High evapotranspiration and low precipitation are known as the main challenging factors for pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) orchards situated in arid and semi-arid regions. Therefore, it is necessary to take some measures to mitigate surface evaporation. This study was carried out to assess water productivity (WP) as well as yield and annual shoot growth of pistachios using a new method of irrigation known as the stratified vertical gravel tube subsurface drip irrigation (SVGTSD) system in a 15-year-old pistachio orchard in an arid region in Iran. In this system, each tree contained four vertical gravel columns with different lengths. A randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement with three replicates (five trees in each plot) for 3 years was used. Three irrigation regimes included 100% crop evapotranspiration (100% ETc), 85% ETc and 70% ETc (as the main plots), and seven vertical gravel column with a depth arrangement of 40-40-40-40 cm (using a gravel column from the lateral pipe level and without a gravel tube as the control) and gravel-filled tubes with depths of 10-10-10-10 cm, 10-10-20-20 cm, 10-10-30-30 cm, 10-10-20-30 cm, 10-10-20-40 cm and 10-10-20-50 cm (all 30 cm below ground level) (as subplots) were used. The results showed that the different depths of gravel tube placement significantly affected the annual shoot growth and yield. The deeper the tube was placed, the greater the yield and annual shoot growth, resulting in 10-10-20-50 cm being the most productive. Regarding tree growth, yield and WP, the best performance was observed at full irrigation (100% ETc) with a 10-10-20-50-cm vertical gravel tube arrangement. Furthermore, in this subsurface irrigation method, there was no concern regarding emitter clogging by roots, root accumulation around the emitters or root intrusion into the emitters. In addition, having a low additional cost (only 13.9%) in comparison with conventional subsurface drip irrigation together with a higher yield (3475 kg ha(-1)), WP (0.9 kg m(-3)) and shoot growth (35 cm), SVGTSD is more economical and feasible compared to other irrigation methods and can be extensively applied in pistachio orchards.
英文关键词	gravel-filled vertical tube irrigation regime modified subsurface drip irrigation tree shoot growth water productivity yield
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:001090120000001
WOS关键词	USE EFFICIENCY ; SOIL-WATER ; SURFACE ; DYNAMICS ; DESIGN
WOS类目	Agronomy ; Water Resources
WOS研究方向	Agriculture ; Water Resources
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/404282
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tavakoli, Ali Reza,Sepaskhah, Ali Reza,Hokmabadi, Hossein. Introducing a stratified vertical gravel tube subsurface drip system under different irrigation regimes for pistachio: Growth, yield and water productivity[J],2024,73(2):426-443.
APA	Tavakoli, Ali Reza,Sepaskhah, Ali Reza,&Hokmabadi, Hossein.(2024).Introducing a stratified vertical gravel tube subsurface drip system under different irrigation regimes for pistachio: Growth, yield and water productivity.IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE,73(2),426-443.
MLA	Tavakoli, Ali Reza,et al."Introducing a stratified vertical gravel tube subsurface drip system under different irrigation regimes for pistachio: Growth, yield and water productivity".IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 73.2(2024):426-443.