干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Deep-time alkaline lake enigma: Rare or undiscovered?

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104785
	Deep-time alkaline lake enigma: Rare or undiscovered?
	Xia, Liuwen; Cao, Jian; Wang, Tingting; Hu, Wenxuan; Zhi, Dongming; Tang, Yong
通讯作者	Cao, J
来源期刊	EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
ISSN	0012-8252
EISSN	1872-6828
出版年	2024
卷号	253
英文摘要	Alkaline lakes are significant for exploring the evolution of life, reconstructions of environments, and exploration and exploitation of energy resources; however, despite modern alkaline lakes being widely distributed on Earth, deep-time (pre-Neogene) examples are scarce, in general, compared with other types of saline lake deposits (e.g., chloride and sulfate salts). This raises the question as to whether this scarcity is due to their extreme formation conditions or because they have yet to be discovered, owing to the difficulty in identification of these deep-time lakes. This paper addresses this question by analyzing the distribution and formation mechanisms of modern alkaline lakes in order to interpret the past based on the present. These results indicate that alkaline lakes can be identified from the presence of alkali minerals, such as trona and nahcolite, and heavy N isotopes (>10 parts per thousand) caused by NH3 volatilization. Modern alkaline lakes can be classified into two main types, including those in tectonically active and inland arid zones. Their formation mechanisms are controlled by multiple factors, such as a (semi-)closed basin geography, (semi-)arid climate that favors high degrees of evaporation, and the presence of strongly alkaline fluids that are rich in HCO3- and CO32-. The formation mechanisms of discovered deep-time alkaline lakes are similar to those of modern examples. The delta C-13, and delta O-18 of carbonates, Mg/Ca, chemical index of alteration, and chemical index of weathering indicate that deep-time alkaline lakes were also generally deposited in (semi-)closed basins with a (semi-)arid climate, which were conducive to strong evaporation and concentration of saline waters. Furthermore, chemical weathering and hydrolysis of silicate minerals, volcanic-hydrothermal activity and circulation of basinal brines, and microbially mediated processes also produced alkaline fluids rich in HCO3- and CO32- necessary for the formation of ancient alkaline lakes. Alkaline lakes should be widespread throughout geological history, but may be poorly preserved in old stratigraphic sequences or difficultly in identification because of their limited outcrop and depth. Future studies of evaporite mineralogy and the N isotope geochemistry of ancient saline lacustrine basins are necessary to further our understanding of their identification and formation mechanisms. Such studies should also investigate the favorable development zones, characteristics of organic matter accumulation, astrobiology, etc.
英文关键词	Soda lake Saline lacustrine basin Alkali minerals Nitrogen isotopes Volcanic -hydrothermal activity Junggar Basin
类型	Review
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:001237767400001
WOS关键词	NITROGEN ISOTOPE FRACTIONATIONS ; GREEN RIVER FORMATION ; MAGADI-TYPE CHERTS ; JUNGGAR BASIN ; CARBONATE PRECIPITATION ; FENGCHENG FORMATION ; MAHU SAG ; EOCENE ; OIL ; DIVERSITY
WOS类目	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Geology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/403342
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Xia, Liuwen,Cao, Jian,Wang, Tingting,et al. Deep-time alkaline lake enigma: Rare or undiscovered?[J],2024,253.
APA	Xia, Liuwen,Cao, Jian,Wang, Tingting,Hu, Wenxuan,Zhi, Dongming,&Tang, Yong.(2024).Deep-time alkaline lake enigma: Rare or undiscovered?.EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS,253.
MLA	Xia, Liuwen,et al."Deep-time alkaline lake enigma: Rare or undiscovered?".EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS 253(2024).