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DOI	10.1098/rstb.2022.0300
	Why did foraging, horticulture and pastoralism persist after the Neolithic transition? The oasis theory of agricultural intensification
	Medupe, Dithapelo; Roberts, Sean G.; Shenk, Mary K. K.; Glowacki, Luke
通讯作者	Medupe, D
来源期刊	PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ISSN	0962-8436
EISSN	1471-2970
出版年	2023
卷号	378 期号:1883
英文摘要	Despite the global spread of intensive agriculture, many populations retained foraging or mixed subsistence strategies until well into the twentieth century. Understanding why has been a longstanding puzzle. One explanation, called the marginal habitat hypothesis, is that foraging persisted because foragers tended to live in marginal habitats generally not suited to agriculture. However, recent empirical studies have not supported this view. The alternative but untested oasis hypothesis of agricultural intensification claims that intensive agriculture developed in areas with low biodiversity and a reliable water source not reliant on local rainfall. We test both the marginal habitat and oasis hypotheses using a cross-cultural sample drawn from the 'Ethnographic atlas' (Murdock 1967 Ethnology 6, 109-236). Our analyses provide support for both hypotheses. We found that intensive agriculture was unlikely in areas with high rainfall. Further, high biodiversity, including pathogens associated with high rainfall, appears to have limited the development of intensive agriculture. Our analyses of African societies show that tsetse flies, elephants and malaria are negatively associated with intensive agriculture, but only the effect of tsetse flies reached significance. Our results suggest that in certain ecologies intensive agriculture may be difficult or impossible to develop but that generally lower rainfall and biodiversity is favourable for its emergence.This article is part of the theme issue 'Evolutionary ecology of inequality'.
英文关键词	foragers marginal habitat hypothesis cultural evolution
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	Green Published, Green Accepted
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:001016070400019
WOS关键词	GLOBAL PATTERNS ; NATIONAL-PARK ; POPULATION ; HETEROGENEITY ; INEQUALITY ; ELEPHANTS ; CONFLICTS ; SYSTEMS ; AREAS
WOS类目	Biology
WOS研究方向	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/397995
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Medupe, Dithapelo,Roberts, Sean G.,Shenk, Mary K. K.,et al. Why did foraging, horticulture and pastoralism persist after the Neolithic transition? The oasis theory of agricultural intensification[J],2023,378(1883).
APA	Medupe, Dithapelo,Roberts, Sean G.,Shenk, Mary K. K.,&Glowacki, Luke.(2023).Why did foraging, horticulture and pastoralism persist after the Neolithic transition? The oasis theory of agricultural intensification.PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,378(1883).
MLA	Medupe, Dithapelo,et al."Why did foraging, horticulture and pastoralism persist after the Neolithic transition? The oasis theory of agricultural intensification".PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 378.1883(2023).