干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions

Arid

DOI	10.3390/life13122293
	Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions
	Galal, Ahmed A.; Safhi, Fatmah A.; El-Hity, Mahmoud A.; Kamara, Mohamed M.; El-Din, Eman M. Gamal; Rehan, Medhat; Farid, Mona; Behiry, Said I.; El-Soda, Mohamed; Mansour, Elsayed
通讯作者	Kamara, MM
来源期刊	LIFE-BASEL
EISSN	2075-1729
出版年	2023
卷号	13 期号:12
英文摘要	Water deficit poses significant environmental stress that adversely affects the growth and productivity of durum wheat. Moreover, projections of climate change suggest an increase in the frequency and severity of droughts, particularly in arid regions. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop drought-tolerant and high-yielding genotypes to ensure sustained production and global food security in response to population growth. This study aimed to explore the genetic diversity among local and exotic durum wheat genotypes using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and, additionally, to explore the combining ability and agronomic performance of assessed durum wheat genotypes and their 28 F1 crosses under normal and drought stress conditions. The investigated SSRs highlighted and confirmed the high genetic variation among the evaluated parental durum wheat genotypes. These diverse eight parental genotypes were consequently used to develop 28 F1s through a diallel mating design. The parental durum genotypes and their developed 28 F1s were assessed under normal and drought stress conditions. The evaluated genotypes were analyzed for their general and specific combining abilities as well as heterosis for agronomic traits under both conditions. The local cultivar Bani-Suef-7 (P8) is maintained as an effective combiner for developing shortened genotypes and improving earliness. Moreover, the local cultivars Bani-Suef-5 (P7) and Bani-Suef-7 (P8) along with the exotic line W1520 (P6) demonstrated excellent general combining ability for improving grain yield and its components under drought stress conditions. Furthermore, valuable specific hybrid combinations, W988 x W994 (P1 x P2), W996 x W1518 (P3 x P5), W1011 x W1520 (P4 x P6), and Bani-Suef-5 x Bani-Suef-7 (P7 x P8), were identified for grain yield and its components under drought stress conditions. The assessed 36 genotypes were grouped according to tolerance indices into five clusters varying from highly drought-sensitive genotypes (group E) to highly drought-tolerant (group A). The genotypes in cluster A (two crosses) followed by thirteen crosses in cluster B displayed higher drought tolerance compared to the other crosses and their parental genotypes. Subsequently, these hybrids could be considered valuable candidates in future durum wheat breeding programs to develop desired segregants under water-deficit conditions. Strong positive relationships were observed between grain yield and number of grains per spike, plant height, and 1000-grain weight under water-deficit conditions. These results highlight the significance of these traits for indirect selection under drought stress conditions, particularly in the early stages of breeding, owing to their convenient measurability.
英文关键词	arid environment biodiversity cluster analysis stress tolerance indices genetic variation heterosis heritability principal component analysis sustainability yield-related traits
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	Green Published, gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:001131482000001
WOS关键词	TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L. ; YIELD-RELATED TRAITS ; DROUGHT TOLERANCE ; GRAIN-YIELD ; QUALITY ; STRESS ; COMPONENTS ; HEAT ; LANDRACES ; STABILITY
WOS类目	Biology ; Microbiology
WOS研究方向	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics ; Microbiology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/397794
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Galal, Ahmed A.,Safhi, Fatmah A.,El-Hity, Mahmoud A.,et al. Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions[J],2023,13(12).
APA	Galal, Ahmed A..,Safhi, Fatmah A..,El-Hity, Mahmoud A..,Kamara, Mohamed M..,El-Din, Eman M. Gamal.,...&Mansour, Elsayed.(2023).Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions.LIFE-BASEL,13(12).
MLA	Galal, Ahmed A.,et al."Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions".LIFE-BASEL 13.12(2023).