干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): In-field assessment of the variability in water and nutrient use efficiency among potato farmers in a semi-arid climate

Arid

DOI	10.3389/fsufs.2023.1222870
	In-field assessment of the variability in water and nutrient use efficiency among potato farmers in a semi-arid climate
	Franke, A. C.; Machakaire, A. T. B.; Mukiibi, A.; Kayes, M. J.; Swanepoel, P. A.; Steyn, J. M.
通讯作者	Franke, AC
来源期刊	FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS
EISSN	2571-581X
出版年	2023
卷号	7
英文摘要	Precise water management is imperative for sustainable crop production under irrigation in semi-arid regions with increasingly variable rainfall. Water use efficiencies achieved by farmers often differ widely, even within regions with homogenous agro-ecological conditions. To better understand the drivers of this variability and derive management recommendations, detailed measurements of water and associated nutrient dynamics were conducted on 20 potato farms in two regions of South Africa. Crop characteristics and typical growing conditions in South Africa make potato cultivation sensitive to water and nutrient losses. Water and nutrient inputs and losses through drainage and plant uptake were measured in potato and the follow-up crop, along with yield and weather variables. Seasonal mean irrigation and evapotranspiration were lower in winter crops (240 mm irrigation, 236 mm evapotranspiration) than in summer crops (598 mm irrigation, 608 mm evapotranspiration). Seasonal field water balances were often close to zero, indicating that estimations of evapotranspiration and drainage were representative for the greater field. Lysimeter observations however appeared more representative in sandy unstructured soils than in heavier structured soils. Rainfall during cropping reduced demand for irrigation and increased water use efficiency based on irrigation water, but caused substantial drainage. Leaching of N and K was considerable (on average 30 kg N, 55 kg K ha-1, much higher in some fields), while P leaching was negligible, with the exception of one field (51 kg P ha-1). Variation in water and nutrients use efficiencies was the result of management decisions and environmental factors, such as rainfall and soil type. Without substantial rainfall, application of irrigation scheduling tools can keep drainage and nutrient losses to a minimum, as was observed on almost half the fields, even on sandy soils with a low water holding capacity. Potato yields greatly varied among farmers (9.1-24.7 t dry matter tuber ha-1). Efficient farmers included those who used water sparsely and had minimal drainage, but also farmers who used inputs judiciously and obtained excellent productivity. The role of follow-up crops as users of surplus nutrients and water left behind by the potato crop was not always evident.
英文关键词	crop rotation drainage evapotranspiration irrigation lysimeter resource use efficiency South Africa
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:001115287700001
WOS关键词	SMALLHOLDER IRRIGATION ; NITROGEN UPTAKE ; SOUTH-AFRICA ; PHOSPHORUS ; YIELD ; CROP ; SUSTAINABILITY ; SYSTEMS ; TRENDS
WOS类目	Food Science & Technology
WOS研究方向	Food Science & Technology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/396645
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Franke, A. C.,Machakaire, A. T. B.,Mukiibi, A.,et al. In-field assessment of the variability in water and nutrient use efficiency among potato farmers in a semi-arid climate[J],2023,7.
APA	Franke, A. C.,Machakaire, A. T. B.,Mukiibi, A.,Kayes, M. J.,Swanepoel, P. A.,&Steyn, J. M..(2023).In-field assessment of the variability in water and nutrient use efficiency among potato farmers in a semi-arid climate.FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS,7.
MLA	Franke, A. C.,et al."In-field assessment of the variability in water and nutrient use efficiency among potato farmers in a semi-arid climate".FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 7(2023).