干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Evolution of seed characters and of dispersal modes in Aizoaceae

Arid

DOI	10.3389/fpls.2023.1140069
	Evolution of seed characters and of dispersal modes in Aizoaceae
	Sukhorukov, Alexander P.; Nilova, Maya V.; Kushunina, Maria; Mazei, Yuri; Klak, Cornelia
通讯作者	Sukhorukov, AP
来源期刊	FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
ISSN	1664-462X
出版年	2023
卷号	14
英文摘要	The family Aizoaceae includes similar to 1880 species and is one of the more diverse groups within Caryophyllales, particularly in arid areas in the western part of southern Africa. Most species are dwarf succulent-leaf shrubs. In response to the harsh climatic conditions prevalent where they occur, many representatives have evolved special reproductive adaptations. These include hygrochastic capsules (mostly found in Mesembryanthemoideae and Ruschioideae), burr-like indehiscent and one-seeded, winged diaspores, and fast germination of seeds after rain. We focused on anatomical features, evolutionary trends, and the ecological significance of various morpho-anatomical structures found in the seeds. The seeds of 132 species from 61 genera were studied, and 18 diagnostic characters were discovered. All studied characters were compared with those of other families from core Caryophyllales. The seed notch and embryo shape were added to the list of characteristics distinguishing major clades within the family. In addition, the presence of longitudinal ridges and a keel on the seed are additional characters of Aizooideae and combined Ruschioideae-Apatesieae, respectively. Puzzle-like borders of testa cells are a common trait in Ruschioideae and Mesembryanthemoideae. Most taxa in Aizoaceae have a thin seed coat, which is the ancestral state within the family. This may facilitate fast germination. We observed several shifts to a medium-thick or thick seed coat in members of Ruschioideae and Acrosanthoideae. These inhabit fire-prone environments (in vegetation types known as fynbos and renosterveld), where the thickened seed coat may protect against damage by fire. Multi-seeded fruits are the ancestral state within Aizoaceae, with several shifts to one-(two-)seeded xerochastic fruits. The latter are dispersed via autochory, zoochory, or anemochory. This trait has evolved mainly in less succulent subfamilies Acrosanthoideae, Aizooideae, and Sesuvioideae. In highly succulent subfamilies Ruschioideae and Mesembryanthemoideae, fruits are almost exclusively multi-seeded and hygrochastic with ombrohydrochoric dispersal. A reduction in the number of seeds within a dispersal unit is rare. Within Apatesieae and Ruschieae, there are also a few unusual genera whose fruits fall apart into one- to two-seeded mericarps (that are mainly dispersed by wind).
英文关键词	Caryophyllales anatomy molecular phylogeny pyrophytic habitat reproductive biology
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold, Green Published
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000963365300001
WOS关键词	SYSTEMATIC SIGNIFICANCE ; PHYLOGENETIC HYPOTHESIS ; PORTULACA PORTULACACEAE ; TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE ; TETRAGONIA AIZOACEAE ; COAT MORPHOLOGY ; GERMINATION ; MESEMBRYANTHEMUM ; CLASSIFICATION ; REVISION
WOS类目	Plant Sciences
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/396615
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sukhorukov, Alexander P.,Nilova, Maya V.,Kushunina, Maria,et al. Evolution of seed characters and of dispersal modes in Aizoaceae[J],2023,14.
APA	Sukhorukov, Alexander P.,Nilova, Maya V.,Kushunina, Maria,Mazei, Yuri,&Klak, Cornelia.(2023).Evolution of seed characters and of dispersal modes in Aizoaceae.FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,14.
MLA	Sukhorukov, Alexander P.,et al."Evolution of seed characters and of dispersal modes in Aizoaceae".FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 14(2023).