干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): The effect of rhizobia in improving the protective mechanisms of wheat under drought and supplementary irrigation conditions

Arid

DOI	10.3389/fsufs.2022.1073240
	The effect of rhizobia in improving the protective mechanisms of wheat under drought and supplementary irrigation conditions
	Vafa, Zahra Najafi; Sohrabi, Yousef; Mirzaghaderi, Ghader; Heidari, Gholamreza
通讯作者	Sohrabi, Y
来源期刊	FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS
EISSN	2571-581X
出版年	2022
卷号	6
英文摘要	IntroductionWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a strategic crop and one of the world's most essential cereals, providing most of the world's calories and protein needs. Drought stress is one of the main limitations for crop production such as wheat in arid and semi-arid regions. Plants can accumulate antioxidants, carbohydrates, and stress hormones that stimulate cell and molecular regeneration under stress conditions. Irrigation saves water, improves crop photosynthesis, and increases plant ability to absorb water and elements from soil. Therefore, irrigation at the right time or supplementary irrigation can help plant growth and crop yield under drought conditions. Appropriate nutrition with fertilizers increases plants' stress tolerance. Bio-fertilizers are restorative elements used in soil to improve tolerance to stresses such as drought stress. A well-known class of bio-fertilizers is plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). These rhizosphere bacteria affect plant development and productivity by interacting with roots. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) alleviate drought stress in plants by enhancing their ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Seaweed extract bio-fertilizer is organic matter used to increase crop growth and soil fertility. This bio-fertilizer is utilized as growth stimulants and food supplements. Our research analyzed the effects of rhizobia and seaweed extracts on wheat's drought resistance mechanisms. Materials and methodsThis research was conducted in Iran in the crop years of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 in the research farm of Kurdistan University Faculty of Agriculture located in Dehgolan with coordinates 47 degrees 18 ' 55 '' East and 35 degrees 19 ' 10 '' North with an altitude of 1866 meters above sea level, 45 kilometers east It was done on the wheat plant in Sanandaj city. The experiment was conducted in the form of a split-split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design with four replications. Irrigation treatments as the main factor (no irrigation or dry-land, one irrigation in the booting stage, two irrigations in the booting and spike stages), two wheat cultivars (Sardari and Sirvan) as secondary factors, and the application of biological fertilizers at eight levels including Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist, Seaweed extract + Nitrozist and Phosphozist, Mycorrhiza + Seaweed extract, Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist and no application of biological fertilizers (control) as Sub-sub-factors were considered. Results and discussionAccording to the study, when bio-fertilizer was applied with once and twice supplementary irrigation levels, leaf relative water content (RWC) and soluble protein content (SPC) increased, while lack of irrigation increased malondialdehyde (MDA). In both years, bio-fertilizers, especially their combinations, increased the amount and activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenol (Phe), flavonoid (Fla), and anthocyanin (Anth). Also, it enhanced the inhibition of free radicals by 2-2-Diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and cleared active oxygen species. It was found that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were very low in wheat under two times irrigation with averages of 3.3909 and 3.3865 mu mol g(-1) FW. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants such as Phe, Fla, Anth, DPPH, POD, and SOD enzymes and their role in improving stress under dry-land conditions, especially in the Sardari variety. Biological fertilizers (Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist + Seaweed extract) increased wheat yield compared to the control. Furthermore, Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist + Seaweed extract improved grain yield by 8.04% and 6.96% in the 1st and 2nd years, respectively. Therefore, appropriate combinations of microorganisms, beneficial biological compounds, and supplementary irrigation can reduce the adverse effects of drought stress in arid and semi-arid regions.
英文关键词	antioxidant drought stress malondialdehyde osmolytes seaweed extract
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000902103900001
WOS关键词	GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA ; SALT TOLERANCE ; STRESS ; L. ; ACCUMULATION ; EXPRESSION ; DEFENSE ; PLANTS ; GENES ; ACID
WOS类目	Food Science & Technology
WOS研究方向	Food Science & Technology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/392871
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Vafa, Zahra Najafi,Sohrabi, Yousef,Mirzaghaderi, Ghader,et al. The effect of rhizobia in improving the protective mechanisms of wheat under drought and supplementary irrigation conditions[J],2022,6.
APA	Vafa, Zahra Najafi,Sohrabi, Yousef,Mirzaghaderi, Ghader,&Heidari, Gholamreza.(2022).The effect of rhizobia in improving the protective mechanisms of wheat under drought and supplementary irrigation conditions.FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS,6.
MLA	Vafa, Zahra Najafi,et al."The effect of rhizobia in improving the protective mechanisms of wheat under drought and supplementary irrigation conditions".FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 6(2022).