干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Organization of Microbial Communities in Soils: Experiment with Fouling Glasses in Extreme Terrestrial Landscapes of Antarctica

Arid

DOI	10.1134/S1064229322700089
	Organization of Microbial Communities in Soils: Experiment with Fouling Glasses in Extreme Terrestrial Landscapes of Antarctica
	Yakushev, A. V.; Velichko, N. V.; Fedorov-Davydov, D. G.; Mergelov, N. S.; Lupachev, A. V.; Rabochaya, D. E.; Belosokhov, A. F.; Soina, V. S.
通讯作者	Yakushev, AV
来源期刊	EURASIAN SOIL SCIENCE
ISSN	1064-2293
EISSN	1556-195X
出版年	2022
卷号	55 期号:12 页码:1770-1785
英文摘要	The study of microbial complexes in organo-accumulative horizons of Antarctic soils (Cryosols, Leptosols) at the Larsemann Hills and Schirmacher oases and on King George Island has been carried out by the fouling glass method. This method allows one to study the taxonomic composition of microorganisms, features of their morphology, inter-organism interactions, and spatial organization of the complex of microorganisms, as well as to simulate the processes of colonization of mineral surfaces. The investigated microbial complexes can be subdivided into four groups with respect to dominant microorganisms: (1) diverse microbial complexes of King George Island with a considerable portion of diatoms among algae and with a predominance of mycelium in the fungal biomass; (2) complexes of lichen-moss, moss, and algal-moss associations in lake basins with a greater proportion of eukaryotic and coccoid cyanobacteria and with mycelium and sporous forms of micromycetes; (3) complexes of moss and algal-moss associations in the bottoms of wet valleys with a higher proportion of filamentous cyanobacteria and with the absence of fungi, or their presence in the form of short chains of chlamydospores; and (4) hypolithic microbial complexes of rock baths in dry rocky habitats, where the fouling of glasses did not take place. The microbial complexes in different glass samples taken in February-March in different years proved to be at different stages of development. Microscopic mycelium of fungi was not abundant in all algae and moss associations; in some, it was practically absent. Among algae, not cyanobacteria, but eukaryotic algae dominated in a number of habitats: diatoms, green algae, and streptophytes. The totality of the complex features indicated the extremity of the habitat: one morphotype of melanized fungal mycelium dominated in a particular sample; there was no diversity of spore forms, which indirectly indicates a low taxonomic diversity of fungi; multiple chlamydospore formation and microcycles of development were common. Among cyanobacteria, brown and reddish coloration was often found, and the formation of biofilms on glasses was limited to microcolonies, while algal biofilms abundantly covered the soil of the studied horizons. Apparently, extended biofilms were formed over time exceeding the exposure time of the glasses. Hypolithic communities did not colonize new habitats (glasses) for several years of exposure, unlike the bottoms of hydromorphic valleys and lake basins in oases (glasses overgrown in a year) and King George Island (glasses overgrown in 10 days).
英文关键词	Antarctic soils hypolithic horizons biofilms micromycetes algae
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000896468300010
WOS关键词	CYANOBACTERIAL DIVERSITY ; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY ; DRY VALLEYS ; BIODIVERSITY ; PERMAFROST
WOS类目	Soil Science
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/392549
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Yakushev, A. V.,Velichko, N. V.,Fedorov-Davydov, D. G.,et al. Organization of Microbial Communities in Soils: Experiment with Fouling Glasses in Extreme Terrestrial Landscapes of Antarctica[J],2022,55(12):1770-1785.
APA	Yakushev, A. V..,Velichko, N. V..,Fedorov-Davydov, D. G..,Mergelov, N. S..,Lupachev, A. V..,...&Soina, V. S..(2022).Organization of Microbial Communities in Soils: Experiment with Fouling Glasses in Extreme Terrestrial Landscapes of Antarctica.EURASIAN SOIL SCIENCE,55(12),1770-1785.
MLA	Yakushev, A. V.,et al."Organization of Microbial Communities in Soils: Experiment with Fouling Glasses in Extreme Terrestrial Landscapes of Antarctica".EURASIAN SOIL SCIENCE 55.12(2022):1770-1785.