干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 水分胁迫下新造地施磷深度对苦荞生长及根系分布的影响

Arid

	水分胁迫下新造地施磷深度对苦荞生长及根系分布的影响
其他题名	Effects of phosphorus application depth on the growth and root distribution of tartary buckwheat in infertile soil under water stress
	薛小娇; 张永清; 马星星; 杨甜; 李平平; 张文燕; 王茹
来源期刊	植物营养与肥料学报
ISSN	1008-505X
出版年	2020
卷号	26 期号:8 页码:1481-1491
中文摘要	【目的】根系构型影响作物的抗旱能力,研究磷肥施用深度调节苦荞根系分布的可行性,为贫瘠干旱地区苦荞的生长提供科学养分管理措施。【方法】以'黑丰1号'苦荞(Fagopyrum tataricum L.)为试验材料,进行根管土柱(直径25 cm、高50 cm)栽培试验,设置田间持水量65%〜75%(W1)、45%〜55%(W2)和35%〜45%(W3)3种土壤水分条件,磷肥施用深度分别设置距离地表10 cm(P10)、20 cm(P20)、30 cm(P30)以及3层均匀施用(P-all)4种方式,共有12个处理。在苦荞幼苗三叶一心期进行处理,生长22天后取样,测定根系构型,并记录生物量。【结果】干旱胁迫抑制了苦荞植株生长、干物质量的积累以及根系发育,其中W3水分条件抑制作用最为明显,导致苦荞株高、茎粗和叶面积较W1水分条件分别下降17.20%、18.03%和23.17%;根长、根表面积和根体积分别下降16.97%、20.39%和17.39%;地上部干物质量和根系干物质量分别下降39.16%、28.60%。干旱胁迫促进根系下扎,增加深层土壤中的根系分布。与W1水分条件相比,W2、W3水分条件下0 10和10-20 cm土层平均根长分别下降30.18%和27.55%、41.83%和41.02%,根系干物质量分别下降36.62%和33.61%、49.72%和48.11%;而20-30和30-45 cm土层中的苦荞平均根长则分别增加33.53%和42.52%、31.74%和50.95%,根系干物质量分别增加13.70%和26.84%、5.85%和28.64%。深层施磷促进施磷层土壤根系生长,与P-all处理相比,P10处理1020 cm土层根长平均增加18.96%, P20处理20-30 cm土层平均增加32.39%, P30处理30-45 cm土层平均增加28.73%,根系干物质量依次分别增加26.62%、30.74%和24.65%。方差分析结果表明,各水分处理条件下,0 10和1020 cm土层根系干物质量均表现为P10处理显著高于其他施磷处理,且其他处理间差异也达显著水平;而2030、30-45 cm土层根系干物质量则表现为P20、P30施磷处理显著高于其他处理。【结论】水分和施磷深度对苦荞苗期植株生长以及根系分布均有显著影响。在干旱胁迫下,增加磷肥的施用深度可促进苦荞根系在20-45cm深土壤中的分布,显著扩大根系对土壤养分和水分的获取空间,并最终促进苦荞的生长。本试验条件下,采样仅限于苦荞苗期,在水分胁迫条件下磷肥以10 cm的施肥深度效果最佳。
英文摘要	【Objectives 】Root morphology affects crop tolerance to drought. We attempted to improve the root growth in deep soil through a suitable application depth of phosphorous fertilizer, in order to provide an effective nutrient management way for the growth of tartary buckwheat.【Methods 】Using 'Heifengl' buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum L.) as the test material, an experiment was carried out using root canal soil column cultivation method. Three soil moisture treatments were setup as the field water capacity of 65%-75% (Wl), 45%-55% (W2) and 35%-45% (W3), under each water treatment, phosphorous fertilizer were placed at 10 cm (P10), 20 cm (P20), 30 cm (P30) deep and at all the three depth (P-all). Buckwheat seedlings with three-leavesone-sprout were cultivated for 22 days before sampling. The biomass of shoot and root were weighted, and the growth and root distribution of buckwheat were measured.【Results 】Drought stress inhibited the growth, dry biomass accumulation and root development of tartary buckwheat plants. Among them, W3 inhibited the most. Compared with Wl, the plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of tartary buckwheat in W3 were decreased by 17.20%, 18.03% and 23.17%, respectively. The root length, root surface area and root volume were decreased by 16.97%, 20.39% and 17.39%, respectively. The dry mass of above-ground and root decreased by 39.16% and 28.60%, respectively. Drought stress promoted root infiltration and increased root distribution in deep soil. Compared with Wl, the average root length of 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers under W2 and W3 were decreased by 30.18% and 27.55%, 41.83% and 41.02%, and the root dry mass decreased by 36.62% and 33.61%, 49.72% and 48.11%, respectively, while the average root length of tartary buckwheat in 20-30 cm and 30-45 cm soil layers were increased by 33.53% and 42.52%, 31.74% and 50.95%, and the root dry mass were increased by 13.70% and 26.84%, 5.85% and 28.64%, respectively. P application could increase the root growth in the layer of P placement. Compared with the P-all treatment, the root length in 10-20 cm soil layer under the P10 treatment, that at 20-30 cm soil layer under P20 treatment and that at 30-45 cm soil layer under P30 treatment were increased by 18.96%, 32.39% and 28.73%, respectively, the root dry mass of the three placement depths were increased by 26.62%, 30.74% and 24.65%, respectively. Under all the three water conditions, the dry root mass in both 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers of P10 were significantly higher than those of the other P treatments, and the difference of dry root mass among the other P treatments was significant as well. 【Conclusions 】Under drought stress, the placement depth of phosphorous significantly affects the distribution of tartary buckwheat roots in soil, suitable application depth could stimulate the roots access to deeper soil layers, which provides the roots with larger room to absorb soil nutrients and water, and ultimately promoting the growth of tartary buckwheat. Under the experimental conditions, applying P at 10 cm depth is recommended.
中文关键词	苦荞 ; 水分胁迫 ; 施磷深度 ; 新造地 ; 根系分布
英文关键词	tartary buckwheat water stress phosphorus application depth infertile soil root distribution
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6814408
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/379024
作者单位	薛小娇, 山西师范大学生命科学学院, 临汾, 山西 041004, 中国.; 杨甜, 山西师范大学生命科学学院, 临汾, 山西 041004, 中国.; 李平平, 山西师范大学生命科学学院, 临汾, 山西 041004, 中国.; 张文燕, 山西师范大学生命科学学院, 临汾, 山西 041004, 中国.; 张永清, 山西师范大学生命科学学院;;山西师范大学地理科学学院, ;;, 临汾;;临汾, 山西;;山西 041004;;041004, 中国.; 马星星, 山西师范大学地理科学学院, 临汾, 山西 041004, 中国.; 王茹, 山西师范大学地理科学学院, 临汾, 山西 041004, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	薛小娇,张永清,马星星,等. 水分胁迫下新造地施磷深度对苦荞生长及根系分布的影响[J],2020,26(8):1481-1491.
APA	薛小娇.,张永清.,马星星.,杨甜.,李平平.,...&王茹.(2020).水分胁迫下新造地施磷深度对苦荞生长及根系分布的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,26(8),1481-1491.
MLA	薛小娇,et al."水分胁迫下新造地施磷深度对苦荞生长及根系分布的影响".植物营养与肥料学报 26.8(2020):1481-1491.