干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同种植和施肥方式对旱地春玉米土壤水分含量及其水分利用效率的影响

Arid

	不同种植和施肥方式对旱地春玉米土壤水分含量及其水分利用效率的影响
其他题名	Effects of Different Patterns of Planting and Fertilization on Soil Moisture and Water Use Efficiency of Spring Maize on Dryland
	郭天文; 谢永春; 张平良; 刘晓伟; 姜小凤
来源期刊	水土保持学报
ISSN	1009-2242
出版年	2015
卷号	29 期号:5 页码:231-238
中文摘要	缺水和缺肥影响着半干旱地区春玉米的发展,为了探讨不同种植和施肥方式下春玉米土壤水分的动态变化和利用效率,采用田间定位试验,设全膜双垄沟播(F)、半膜平作(H)和裸地平作(O)3种种植方式,配套优化施肥(OPT)、农民习惯施肥(FP)和不施肥(CK)3种施肥水平,测定了春玉米各生育时期的土壤含水量、产量和产量构成因子,分析了不同处理的土壤耗水量、贮水量、含水量垂直变化以及水分利用效率。结果表明:以F种植方式和OPT施肥耦合效应最优,产量、水分利用效率和耗水量均以F-OPT处理最高,分别为12 900 kg/hm~2,27.9 kg/(hm~2·mm)和246.2 mm,与O-CK相比,产量和水分利用效率分别提高168.7%和106.2%;H和O种植方式下OPT施肥水分利用效率和产量并未提高(与FP相比);春玉米在灌浆期间耗水量最大,收获后F-OPT土壤水分相比播前出现亏缺,其他处理均得到补偿,其中FOPT在收获后140 cm土层附近土壤含水量小于10%。因此,半干旱地区全膜双垄沟播下优化施肥可显著提高春玉米产量和水分利用效率,但长期种植不利于春玉米可持续生产。
英文摘要	Water and nutrient deficiency affects the development of spring maize in semiarid region.In order to investigate the effects of different patterns of planting and fertilization on the dynamic changes of soil moisture and water use efficiency of spring maize,a field experiment was conducted.In this experiment,3 planting pattern treatments:double ridge mulching and furrow planting(F),half covered and flat planting (H)and open and flat planting(O),were established,with 3 fertilization levels:Optimized fertilization (OPT),farmersconventional fertilization(FP)and no fertilization(CK),to investigate soil water content at different growth stages of spring maize,yield and yield components of spring maize,as well as the soil water consumption,water storage,vertical changes of soil moisture and water use efficiency.The results showed that the coupling effects of F and OPT were the best on maize yield,water use efficiency and water consumption, which were 12 900 kg/hm~2,27.9 kg/(hm~2·mm)and 246.2 mm,respectively.Compared with O-CK, F-OPT increased maize yield and water use efficiency by 168.7% and 106.2%,respectively.Compared with FP,the OPT treatment did not improve maize yield and water use efficiency under planting patterns H and O.The maximum water consumption of spring maize occurred during grain filling period.After harvest, in F-OPT treatment,soil moisture deficit occurred compared with before sowing,with less than 10% soil water near 140 cm soil layer,while in other treatments soil moisture was compensated.Therefore,F-OPT can significantly increase maize yield and water use efficiency of spring maize,but the long-term planting of spring maize is not conducive to the sustainable production of spring maize in semiarid region.
中文关键词	全膜双垄沟播 ; 优化施肥 ; 旱地春玉米 ; 水分利用效率 ; 可持续生产
英文关键词	double ridge mulching and furrow planting optimum fertilization dryland spring maize water use efficiency sustainable production
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5549022
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/378858
作者单位	郭天文, 甘肃省农业科学院, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 张平良, 甘肃省农业科学院, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 谢永春, 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 拉萨, 西藏 850032, 中国.; 刘晓伟, 甘肃省农业科学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 姜小凤, 甘肃省农业科学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郭天文,谢永春,张平良,等. 不同种植和施肥方式对旱地春玉米土壤水分含量及其水分利用效率的影响[J],2015,29(5):231-238.
APA	郭天文,谢永春,张平良,刘晓伟,&姜小凤.(2015).不同种植和施肥方式对旱地春玉米土壤水分含量及其水分利用效率的影响.水土保持学报,29(5),231-238.
MLA	郭天文,et al."不同种植和施肥方式对旱地春玉米土壤水分含量及其水分利用效率的影响".水土保持学报 29.5(2015):231-238.