干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 海侵地区不同降雨条件下海水灌溉油葵G101的研究

Arid

	海侵地区不同降雨条件下海水灌溉油葵G101的研究
其他题名	EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION WITH DILUTED SEAWATER ON ＇OLEIC SUNFLOWER G101＇ GROWN IN SALINIZED SOILS, LAIZHOU, CHINA
	唐奇志; 刘兆普; 刘玲; 郑青松; 陈铭达
来源期刊	植物生态学报
ISSN	1005-264X
出版年	2005
卷号	29 期号:6 页码:1000-1006
中文摘要	在对油葵（Helianthus annuns）室内海水砂培试验研究油葵耐海水生物学特征的基础上，为获取半干旱海侵区海水大田灌溉的技术参数，以指导当地大田海水灌溉的实际应用，2002（干旱年）、2003年（丰水年）在山东莱州受海水人侵最严重的半干旱地区进行丁不同浓度海水补充灌溉油葵G101的田间小区试验，着重研究了当地不同雨水条件下在油葵始蕾期、始花期海水灌溉两水的模式对夏播油葵产量结构及其主要形态指标、植株体内离子分布规律的影响。结果表明：1）在当地的上壤条件下，无论是干旱年份（2002年），还是丰水年份（2003年），在油葵生长期内（约100d），补充灌溉两水，40％比例的海水灌溉是夏播油葵保证一定经济产量的安全指标，在干旱年份，海水比例超过40％时，油葵籽产量即显著下降，而在丰水年份，即使用60％比例的海水灌溉，油葵籽产量与40％处理也无显著差异。综合考虑油葵经济产量、节省淡水用量等因素，40％海水补充灌溉两水可视为该海侵地区灌溉油葵适宜的海水补充灌溉额度。2）干旱年份，20％海水灌溉处理下，初花期油葵除茎秆直径和葵盘鲜重外，其它各生理生态指标与淡水灌溉处理无显著性差异（p=0．05），而在丰水年份，即使用40％的海水灌溉，油葵G101主要形态指标与淡水灌溉也无显著差异3）0～40％比例海水灌溉处理，夏播油葵叶片能保持相对较高的Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋含量，而根系吸收的K^＋向葵盘的选择性运输能力很强。Na^＋主要积累在根部、茎部，而叶和葵盘中含量较低。Cl^-在茎中含量最高.
英文摘要	Nearly half the irrigated fields in the world are becoming saline and alkaline. Soil salinization is becoming a serious problem in China, especially in the seashore plain of north China where there is a highly developed industrial and agricultural economy and a huge population. With the high speed of industrial development and rapidly increasing population, groundwater overuse is leading to an influx of seawater and further expediting salinization of freshwater resources and soil. Lack of freshwater is a main factor restricting social and economic development in the seashore plain of north China. Irrigation of crops with diluted seawater has been proposed as a way to conserve freshwater supplies. This experiment was conducted to studv the characteristics and effects of irrigation with diluted seawater on a salt tolerant economic plant and provide recommendations for saline water irrigation in these drought/semi-drought seashore areas.Oleic sunflower G101 ＇（ Helianthus annuus ）, a sah-tolerant economic plant, was irrigated with different proportions of diluted seawater in the Laizhou, Shandong Province, where seawater intrusion is a very serious problem. The effects of irrigation with diluted seawater on various growth indices, the accumulation and distribution of ions in the plant, and total yields of G101＇ planted under local rainfall conditions were investigated during two growing seasons, 2002 （drought year） and 2003 （wet year）. The sunflower was irrigated twice during the growing season, one at early bud and the other at early florescence. The results showed that 1） In both the drought year （2002） and the wet year （2003）, a 40% seawater irrigation solution was a safe dilution ensuring economic yields for the 100 day growth period of G101 ＇ During the drought year, G101＇ seed yields decreased significantly when irrigated with 40% seawater or greater, while there were no differences in seed yields in the wet year when irrigated with 40% or 60% seawater . Thus, irrigation with a 40% seawater solution was economically feasible. 2） During the drought year, most growth indices of oleic sunflowers when treated with 20% seawater were not significantly different with that irrigated with freshwater （p =0. 95）, except for stem thickness and disc fresh weight during early florescence. However, in the wet year, all measured growth indices were not significantly different from the freshwater treatment when treated with up to 40% seawater （p = 0.95）. 3） When irrigated with 0-40% seawater, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ homeostasis was maintained in the leaves and root K^＋ selective ion transport to the disc was strong. Accumulation of Na^＋ was mainly in the root and stem, while Na^＋ concentrations in the leaves and disc were lower. Chloride content was the greatest in the stem as compared to other parts of the oleic sunflowers.
中文关键词	降雨量 ; 海水灌溉 ; 油葵 ; 离子分布 ; 产量
英文关键词	Rainfall Seawater irrigation Oleic sunflower Morphologist Yield
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2209235
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/378478
作者单位	唐奇志, 南京农业大学资源与环境学院, 南京, 江苏 210095, 中国.; 刘兆普, 南京农业大学资源与环境学院, 南京, 江苏 210095, 中国.; 刘玲, 南京农业大学资源与环境学院, 南京, 江苏 210095, 中国.; 郑青松, 南京农业大学资源与环境学院, 南京, 江苏 210095, 中国.; 陈铭达, 南京农业大学资源与环境学院, 南京, 江苏 210095, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	唐奇志,刘兆普,刘玲,等. 海侵地区不同降雨条件下海水灌溉油葵G101的研究[J],2005,29(6):1000-1006.
APA	唐奇志,刘兆普,刘玲,郑青松,&陈铭达.(2005).海侵地区不同降雨条件下海水灌溉油葵G101的研究.植物生态学报,29(6),1000-1006.
MLA	唐奇志,et al."海侵地区不同降雨条件下海水灌溉油葵G101的研究".植物生态学报 29.6(2005):1000-1006.