干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 小麦玉米同步增密有利于优化种间关系而提高间作产量

Arid

	小麦玉米同步增密有利于优化种间关系而提高间作产量
其他题名	Synchronously higher planting density can increase yield via optimizing interspecific interaction of intercropped wheat and maize
	张金丹; 范虹; 杜进勇; 殷文; 樊志龙; 胡发龙; 柴强
来源期刊	作物学报
ISSN	0496-3490
出版年	2021
卷号	47 期号:12 页码:2481-2489
中文摘要	增密是间作高产的主要措施,研究间作组分密度变化对其种间关系、产量的影响,对于夯实间作理论与技术意义重大。20182019年,在河西绿洲灌区开展田间试验,设单作玉米、单作小麦、小麦/玉米3种种植模式, 4.5万株hm~(-2)(传统)、6.0万株hm~(-2)(中)、7.5万株hm~(-2)(高) 3种玉米密度, 284万粒hm~(-2)(传统)、341万粒hm~(-2)(高)两种小麦密度,研究了小麦玉米同步增密对间作种间关系及产量的影响。结果表明,间作小麦、玉米密度同步增大强化了共生期小麦相对于玉米的竞争力(A_(wm)),小麦高密度间作与传统密度间作相比, A_(wm)提高了10.9%~20.1%;玉米高、中密度间作与传统玉米密度间作相比,其A_(wm)分别提高了25.3%~32.0%、15.8%~17.3%;小麦、玉米高密度间作与传统密度间作相比, A_(wm)提高了35.5%~56.5%。间作小麦、玉米密度同步提高可增大麦后间作玉米的恢复效应(R_m),小麦高密度间作较传统密度间作的R_m提高了14.6%~17.1%;玉米高、中密度间作与传统密度间作相比, R_m分别提高了27.4%~48.5%、10.3%~30.5%;小麦高密/玉米高密度较小麦/玉米传统密度处理R_m提高了43.7%~65.5%。增密有利于提高间作优势,小麦高密/玉米高密度较小麦/玉米传统密度处理土地当量比高8.3%~10.8%。两作物同步增密可进一步提高间作增产优势,小麦高密度间作较传统密度间作增产3.6%~5.1%,玉米高、中密度间作较传统密度间作增产14.1%~19.3%、7.3%~15.2%,小麦高密/玉米高密度较小麦/玉米传统密度处理增产19.0%~24.0%。间作小麦对玉米的竞争力及麦后玉米的恢复效应与间作籽粒产量均呈正相关。小麦玉米同步增密可优化间作种间关系、提高产量,小麦播种量341万粒hm~(-2)和玉米7.5万株hm~(-2)是绿洲灌区小麦间作玉米高产的适宜密度。
英文摘要	Increasing planting density is the main measure for high yield in intercropping. It is of great significance for the theory and technology of enhancing intercropping system to investigate the effects of intercrop's density changes on the interspecific interaction and yield. In 2018 and 2019, a field experiment was carried out in Hexi oasis irrigation area, with three cropping patterns of monocropping maize, monocropping wheat, wheat-maize intercropping, and three maize densities of 45,000 plants hm~(-2) (traditional), 60,000 plants hm~(-2) (medium), 75,000 plants hm~(-2) (high), and two wheat densities of 2.84 million grains hm~(-2) (traditional) and 3.41 million grains hm~(-2) (high). The effect of synchronously higher planting densities of wheat and maize on inter- specific relationship and yield of intercropping system was studied. The results showed that the densities of intercropped wheat and maize were increased simultaneously, which strengthened the competitiveness of wheat relative to maize (A_(wm)) during the co-growth period. For the intercropped wheat, compared to traditional planting density, high density increased the A_(wm) by 10.9%-20.1%. For the intercropping maize, compared to traditional planting density, high density and medium density improved the A_(wm) by 25.3%-32.0% and 15.8%-17.3%, respectively. In addition, compared to intercropped wheat and maize with traditional density, synchronously higher planting density for intercropped wheat and maize increased the A_(wm) by 35.5%-56.5%. The simultaneous increase of the density of intercropped wheat and maize could increase the recovery growth effect of intercropped maize (R_m) after the intercropped wheat harvested. For the intercropped wheat, compared to traditional planting density, high density increased the R_m by 14.6%-17.1%. For the intercropping maize, compared to traditional planting density, high density and medium density improved R_m by 27.4%-48.5% and 10.3%-30.5%, respectively. In addition, compared to intercropped wheat and maize with traditional density, synchronously higher planting density for intercropped wheat and maize increased R_m by 43.7%-65.5%. Increasing planting density was conducive to improve the advantage of intercropping. The land equivalent ratio of high-density for both intercropped wheat and maize was 8.3%-10.8% higher than that of intercropped wheat and maize with traditional density. The simultaneous increase in the density of intercropped wheat and maize could further improve the advantage of intercropping. For the intercropped wheat, compared to traditional planting density, high density increased the grain yield of intercropping system by 3.6%-5.1%. For the intercropping maize, compared to traditional planting density, high density and medium density improved grain yield of intercropping system by 14.1%-19.3% and 7.3%-15.2%, respectively. Synchronously higher planting density for intercropped wheat and maize had greater grain yield of intercropping system by 19.0%-24.0% than that of intercropped wheat and maize with traditional density. A positive relationship was observed between total grain yield of intercropping system and the competitiveness of wheat relative to maize and the recovery growth of intercropped maize after intercropped wheat harvest. In conclusion, synchronously higher planting density could increase grain yield via optimizing interspecific interaction of intercropped wheat and maize. Our results revealed that 4.5 million grains hm-2 of wheat and 75,000 plants hm-2 of maize were the suitable planting densities for high yield of wheat and maize in intercropping system in oasis irrigation area.
中文关键词	小麦间作玉米 ; 种植密度 ; 种间竞争力 ; 恢复效应 ; 产量
英文关键词	wheat/maize intercropping planting density interspecific competitiveness recovery effect yield
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:7077413
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/378177
作者单位	张金丹, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 范虹, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 杜进勇, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 殷文, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 樊志龙, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 胡发龙, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 柴强, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张金丹,范虹,杜进勇,等. 小麦玉米同步增密有利于优化种间关系而提高间作产量[J],2021,47(12):2481-2489.
APA	张金丹.,范虹.,杜进勇.,殷文.,樊志龙.,...&柴强.(2021).小麦玉米同步增密有利于优化种间关系而提高间作产量.作物学报,47(12),2481-2489.
MLA	张金丹,et al."小麦玉米同步增密有利于优化种间关系而提高间作产量".作物学报 47.12(2021):2481-2489.