干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 大豆种植密度对玉米/大豆间作系统产量形成的竞争效应分析

Arid

	大豆种植密度对玉米/大豆间作系统产量形成的竞争效应分析
其他题名	Competitive effect of soybean density on yield formation in maize/soybean intercropping systems
	任媛媛; 张莉; 郁耀闯; 张彦军; 张岁岐
来源期刊	作物学报
ISSN	0496-3490
出版年	2021
卷号	47 期号:10 页码:1978-1987
中文摘要	旱区作物间作系统是优化作物群体质量、提高产量的一种重要种植方式,从产量构成因子角度探讨作物间作竞争优势机制还鲜见报道。本研究设置3个大豆密度梯度和4个种植比例(玉米与大豆以2∶0、0∶2、2∶2和2∶ 4间作),分析间作系统的作物竞争指数、产量构成和最终产量的差异性变化,探讨间作群体产量增加的作物竞争机制。结果表明,不同大豆密度和种植比例组合下的间作系统产量提高14%~23%。玉米的实际产量损失大于0,大豆的实际产量损失小于0。间作系统中玉米的穗重、穗长、穗粗、穗粒重、轴重和千粒重均显著高于单作;除结荚长度和主茎节间长度外,间作系统中大豆的单株粒重、单株荚数、单株总粒数、单株有效粒数、主茎节数和百粒重低于单作或与单作间无显著差异。间作系统中玉米的竞争比率大于1,大豆的竞争比率小于1,在3种大豆密度下玉米和大豆的竞争比率分别为2.08、1.84、1.68和0.49、0.56、0.63,表明随着大豆密度的增加,间作中玉米的竞争比率增加的同时大豆的竞争比率降低。玉米的侵占力大于0,大豆的侵占力小于0。玉米产量与轴重、千粒重、穗重、穗粒重、穗长、行粒数呈正相关关系,与秃尖长呈负相关关系。通径分析表明,直接作用中,穗粒重对玉米产量的贡献最大(2.18);间接作用中,轴重、千粒重通过每穗粒重对玉米产量的贡献较大(1.64和1.58)。综上所述,大豆间作玉米有间作优势,间作优势来源于每穗粒重。
英文摘要	Crop intercropping system in arid areas is an important planting method for optimizing crop population quality and improving crop yield. There are few reports on the mechanism of crop intercropping competitive advantage in terms of yield components. In this study, to explore the mechanism of crop competition for increasing the yield of intercropping systems, three soybean densities and four row proportions (maize and soybean intercropping with 2:0, 0:2, 2:2, and 2:4) were used to investigate the changes of competition index, yield components, and yield of intercropping system. The results showed that the yield of intercropping system with different row proportion and soybean density was increased by 14%-23%. The actual yield loss of maize was greater than 0, the actual yield loss of soybean was less than 0. The ear weight, ear length, ear diameter, grain weight per ear, cob weight, and 1000-grain weight of maize in intercropping systems were significantly higher than those in monoculture. Except pod length and internode length of main stem, the grain weight per plant, pod number per plants, grain number per plant, effective grain number per plants, nodes on main stem, and 100-grain weight of soybean in intercropping systems were lower than that of monoculture. And there was no significant difference between intercropping and monoculture. The competition ratio of maize was greater than one, and the competition ratio of soybean was less than one. The competition ratio of maize and soybean was 2.08, 1.84, 1.68 and 0.49, 0.56, 0.63, respectively, with three soybean densities, indicating that with the increase of soybean density competition ratio of maize increased while competition ratio of soybean decreased in intercrops. The aggressivity of maize was positive value, and that of soybean was less than zero in intercropping system. Maize yield was positively correlated with cob weight, 1000-grain weight, ear weight, grain weight per ear, ear length, and row kernel number negatively correlated with barren tip length. Path analysis revealed that in the direct effect, grain weight per ear contributed the most to maize yield (2.18); in indirect effect, cob weight and 1000-grain weight contributed more to maize yield 1000-grain weight per ear (1.64 and 1.58). In conclusion, maize intercropped with soybean had intercropping advantages that derived from grain weight per ear.
中文关键词	密度 ; 间作 ; 通径分析 ; 竞争比率
英文关键词	density intercropping path analysis competition ratio
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:7048545
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/378175
作者单位	任媛媛, 宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室, 宝鸡, 陕西 721013, 中国.; 郁耀闯, 宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室, 宝鸡, 陕西 721013, 中国.; 张彦军, 宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室, 宝鸡, 陕西 721013, 中国.; 张莉, 潍坊医学院药学院, 潍坊, 山东 261053, 中国.; 张岁岐, 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	任媛媛,张莉,郁耀闯,等. 大豆种植密度对玉米/大豆间作系统产量形成的竞争效应分析[J],2021,47(10):1978-1987.
APA	任媛媛,张莉,郁耀闯,张彦军,&张岁岐.(2021).大豆种植密度对玉米/大豆间作系统产量形成的竞争效应分析.作物学报,47(10),1978-1987.
MLA	任媛媛,et al."大豆种植密度对玉米/大豆间作系统产量形成的竞争效应分析".作物学报 47.10(2021):1978-1987.