干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黄河水生态承载力的流域整体性和时空连通性

Arid

	黄河水生态承载力的流域整体性和时空连通性
其他题名	Basin integrity and temporal-spatial connectivity of the water ecological carrying capacity of the Yellow River
	周广胜; 周莉; 汲玉河; 吕晓敏; 周梦子
来源期刊	科学通报
ISSN	0023-074X
出版年	2021
卷号	66 期号:22 页码:2785-2792
中文摘要	黄河是中华民族的母亲河,黄河流域是中华文明的重要发育地.在中国5000多年的历史长河中,黄河流域作为全国政治、经济和文化中心占据了3000多年,孕育了河洛文化、河湟文化、关中文化等,分布有西安、郑州、洛阳、开封等古都,诞生了四大发明和《诗经》、《老子》、《史记》等经典著作.黄河流域是连接青藏高原、黄土高原和华北平原的生态廊道,是西北和华北地区的重要水源,以其占全国2.2%的径流量灌溉了占全国15%的耕地,哺育了流域9省近23.3%的全国人口(2019年),贡献了21.6%的全国GDP(2018年).不仅如此,黄河流域还是中国最重要的煤炭生产地带.中国排名前14的大型煤炭生产基地中有9个地处黄河流域,已经探明的煤炭储量累计达7292亿吨(原煤).特别是,煤炭工业已经成为黄河流域中、上游晋陕蒙宁甘地区(即山西、陕西、内蒙古、宁夏和甘肃五省区)经济发展的主要经济支柱产业,煤炭年产量约28亿吨,占全国总产量的近70%.因此,黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展直接关系到中国生态文明建设的成败.
英文摘要	The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier and economic zone in China,and both its ecological conservation and sustainable high-quality development are directly related to the success or failure of the ecological civilization construction of China.Currently,the Yellow River Basin,which is short on water resources,has a fragile natural ecology,and lags in economic and social development,is a key and difficult area for the ecological security and economic and social development of China.This paper summarizes the remarkable achievements in comprehensive prevention and control of soil erosion,such as the implementation of a series of major ecological projects,in the Yellow River Basin since the founding of New China,especially in recent years.These major ecological projects were implemented based on the different characteristics of the upstream,midstream,and downstream regions of the Yellow River Basin.However,the ecological function of the Yellow River Basin has not been fundamentally resolved.This is due to three main reasons.The first is the extent and spatial imbalance in the control of water and soil erosion in the Yellow River Basin watershed.Ecosystem quality has degraded and water conservation has declined in the upper reaches of the Yellow River,soil erosion is serious in the middle reaches,and the ecological flow is low and some estuary wetlands have shrunk in the lower reaches.The second reason is the adverse effect of water and sediment regulation on delta and coastal systems.Vegetation coverage has declined at the source of the Yellow River;there is the desertification of grasslands and the area of secondary bare lands has increased.Some degraded black-soil beaches have undergone secondary degradation and associated disasters have also increased.The third reason includes water and sediment problems caused by large-scale coal mining,such as serious changes in topography and landforms.There is the acceleration of land desertification and water shortages,where the original landforms are destroyed and some vegetation disappears in the upper reaches;the ground collapses and serious soil erosion causes increased sediments to flow into the Yellow River in the middle reaches.Surface subsidence deformation,water accumulation,and secondary salinization lead to a decrease in land productivity in the lower reaches.It is proposed that the key to solving the current outstanding problems restricting ecological protection and high-quality sustainable development of the Yellow River Basin lies in the integrity of the water ecology of the basin,spatial-temporal connectivity and ecosystem health to realize the scientific allocation of water resources in ecology,industry/mining,life,agriculture,and water and sediment regulation in the context of climate warming.To realize this scientific objective,three tasks of research are urgently needed.First,the clarification of the theory and technology of the digital Yellow River information platform,and timely and accurate determination of the river's status are critical to understand and scientifically develop and manage the Yellow River Basin.Second,water resource monitoring and cloud water resource development and utilization across the entire Yellow River Basin must be carried out,which will require full use of advanced technologies,such as artificial weather modification,rational development and utilization of cloud water resources,the construction of water resource monitoring and cloud water resource development and utilization as soon as possible,and promotion of the effective use of water resources.
中文关键词	黄河流域 ; 水生态承载力 ; 盆地完整性 ; 时空连通性 ; 生态系统健康
英文关键词	Yellow River Basin water ecological carrying capacity basin integrity temporal-spatial connectivity ecosystem health
类型	Article
语种	中文
开放获取类型	Bronze
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:7060094
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/377766
作者单位	周广胜, 中国气象科学研究院;;中国气象科学研究院与郑州大学生态气象联合实验室, ;;, ;;郑州, 北京;; 100081;;450001, 中国.; 周莉, 中国气象科学研究院;;中国气象科学研究院与郑州大学生态气象联合实验室, ;;, ;;郑州, 北京;; 100081;;450001, 中国.; 汲玉河, 中国气象科学研究院;;中国气象科学研究院与郑州大学生态气象联合实验室, ;;, ;;郑州, 北京;; 100081;;450001, 中国.; 吕晓敏, 中国气象科学研究院;;中国气象科学研究院与郑州大学生态气象联合实验室, ;;, ;;郑州, 北京;; 100081;;450001, 中国.; 周梦子, 中国气象科学研究院;;中国气象科学研究院与郑州大学生态气象联合实验室, ;;, ;;郑州, 北京;; 100081;;450001, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周广胜,周莉,汲玉河,等. 黄河水生态承载力的流域整体性和时空连通性[J],2021,66(22):2785-2792.
APA	周广胜,周莉,汲玉河,吕晓敏,&周梦子.(2021).黄河水生态承载力的流域整体性和时空连通性.科学通报,66(22),2785-2792.
MLA	周广胜,et al."黄河水生态承载力的流域整体性和时空连通性".科学通报 66.22(2021):2785-2792.