干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 杏果核物理特性与其主要化学组分的相关性分析

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	杏果核物理特性与其主要化学组分的相关性分析
其他题名	Correlations between physical properties and major chemical components of shells in apricot
	吕春晶; 章秋平; 刘宁; 张玉萍; 徐铭; 刘硕; 马小雪; 张玉君; 刘威生
来源期刊	果树学报
ISSN	1009-9980
出版年	2021
卷号	38 期号:10 页码:1717-1724
中文摘要	【目的】评价不同杏种质果核的硬度、厚度以及其化学组分含量等性状,为仁用杏育种提供优良种质资源。【方法】调查了45份不同杏种质的果核厚度、硬度、破裂力等性状,并测定了其果核中纤维素、半纤维素和木质素等主要化学组分含量。【结果】通过调查发现,不同种质类型间杏核的厚度、破裂力和硬度均存在显著差异,仁用杏果核的平均厚度和破裂力均高于鲜食杏和山杏,其顺序是仁用杏>鲜食杏>山杏。通过比较果核化学成分组成发现,在不同杏种质中果核的主要组成为纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,其平均含量依次分别为19.08%、47.55%和28.78%;通过统计分析发现,不同种群间纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的平均含量没有显著差异;与综纤维素含量相比,木质素含量的变异系数较大,这表明不同种质间木质素含量变化较明显。通过相关性分析,发现杏核硬度与果核厚度、木质素含量呈显著正相关,这表明杏核硬度由果核厚度和木质素含量决定。【结论】不同类型间杏核的壳厚度、破裂力和硬度存在着丰富的遗传变异,但是仁用杏的遗传变异系数相对较小。杏核主要由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素等化学成分组成,并且不同类型间果核的组成比例变化较小。杏核硬度由其厚度和木质素含量决定。
英文摘要	【Objective】Kernel-using apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) are unique apricot resources in China, and they are often used as the main economic tree species in arid and semidesert areas in Northern China due to their excellent characteristics of cold and drought resistance and barren tolerance. Difficulty in opening the shells and low kernel-yield-rate are two major concerns both for growers and breeders. The evaluation of the physical properties and the chemical components of the kernel-using apricots would be valuable for speeding up the selection of new variety.【Methods】The physical characteristics of kernel thickness, hardness, and breaking force were investigated using TMS-Pro physical property analyzer (Food Technology Corporation in USA). The contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the kernel of different germplasms were determined using general detection methods such as Klason lignin method and Kurschner-Hoffer method.【Results】The order of the mean value of the shell thickness were ansu apricot (P. sibrica L.) population (1.37 mm) < Fresh- using apricot (P. armeniaca L.) (1.74 mm) < Kernel- using apricot (P. armeniaca L.) (2.00 mm); the average value of breaking force were ansu apricot population (149.57 N) < Fresh- using apricot (149.57 N) < Kernel- using apricot (209.65 N); the average value of kernel hardness were ansu apricot population (613.26 N) < Kernel-using apricot (733.73 N) < Fresh-using apricot (873.62 N). Analysis of variances showed that there were significant differences in the thickness, breaking force, and hardness of the apricot shells among different types of apricot germplasms. There were abundant genetic variations in apricot shells, but the genetic variation of the kernel-using apricot was smaller than other types. In the process of artificial selection, there were some undesirable traits such as the kernel thickness and hardness of shell in the kernelusing apricot, however, some germplasm such as Lve, Luren, You No.1, and Xin No.4, exhibited great utilization potential for improving the kernel yield in apricot. The main components of apricot shell were cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, and their contents were 19.08%, 47.55%, and 28.78%, respectively. The mean content lignin in kernel-using apricots, fresh-using apricots and ansu apricot population were 28.22%, 30.2%, and 28.34%, respectively. Analysis of variances showed that the mean contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were not significantly different among different types of apricot germplasms. The variation coefficient of lignin content was larger than that of holocellulose, which indicated that lignin content varied obviously with different accessions. It was found that shell thickness and hardness (r = 0.544), breaking force and hardness (r = 0.600), cellulose and hemicellulose (r = 0.976), acid-insoluble lignin content and the total lignin content (r = 0.999) were extremely significantly and positively correlated. Among the physical properties and chemical composition of the apricot shells, there was only one correlation, that is, the correlation between the shell hardness and the total content of lignin (r = 0.343*), and the contents of cellulose and hemicelluloses, which were the cell wall framework materials, were not significantly correlated with shell thickness. It indicated that the lignin content of shell had the greatest impact on the hardness of the apricot stone.【Conclusion 】There were abundant genetic variations in thickness, breaking force, and hardness of the apricot shells among different types of germplasms. The apricot shell was mainly chemically composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin; the proportions of these compositions showed no significant difference among different types of germplasms. The hardness of the shell was correlated with thickness and lignin content of the shell in apricot.
中文关键词	杏 ; 果核 ; 木质素 ; 纤维素 ; 半纤维素
英文关键词	Apricot Apricot shell Lignin Cellulose Hemicellulose
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:7074836
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/377730
作者单位	吕春晶, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.; 章秋平, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.; 刘宁, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.; 张玉萍, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.; 徐铭, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.; 刘硕, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.; 马小雪, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.; 张玉君, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.; 刘威生, 辽宁省果树科学研究所, 营口, 辽宁 115007, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吕春晶,章秋平,刘宁,等. 杏果核物理特性与其主要化学组分的相关性分析[J],2021,38(10):1717-1724.
APA	吕春晶.,章秋平.,刘宁.,张玉萍.,徐铭.,...&刘威生.(2021).杏果核物理特性与其主要化学组分的相关性分析.果树学报,38(10),1717-1724.
MLA	吕春晶,et al."杏果核物理特性与其主要化学组分的相关性分析".果树学报 38.10(2021):1717-1724.