Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| DOI | 10.1007/s40121-022-00606-y |
| Coccidioidomycosis: A Contemporary Review | |
| Crum, Nancy F. | |
| 通讯作者 | Crum, NF (corresponding author)，Scripps Hlth Syst, Infect Dis Dept, San Diego, CA 92127 USA. |
| 来源期刊 | INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
 |
| ISSN | 2193-8229 |
| EISSN | 2193-6382 |
| 出版年 | 2022-03 |
| 英文摘要 | Coccidioidomycosis, colloquially known as Valley Fever, is an invasive dimorphic fungal infection caused by Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii. The fungi are found in the arid desert soils of the southwestern US, as well as in parts of Mexico and Central and South America. Acquisition is typically via inhalation of arthroconidia which become airborne after both natural (e.g., earthquakes, dust storms, and fires) and human-related events (e.g., military maneuvers, recreational activities, agriculture, and construction). The incidence of infection in increasing likely a result of both climatic and populational changes. Further, the recognized geographic distribution of Coccidioides spp. is expanding, as cases are being diagnosed in new areas (e.g., eastern Washington, Oregon, and Utah). Most coccidioidal infections are asymptomatic (60%); however, approximately one-third develop a pulmonary illness which is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in highly endemic areas. Uncommonly (0.5-2% of cases), the infection disseminates to extrapulmonary locations (e.g., skin, bones/joints, and the central nervous system), and is most commonly seen among persons with cellular immunodeficiencies (e.g., transplant recipients, HIV, and pregnancy) and non-Caucasian races (especially African Americans and Filipinos). The diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis requires astute clinical suspicion and laboratory findings, including positive serology, cultures, and/or histopathology results. Treatment is warranted among persons with pneumonia who have risk factors for complicated disease and among those with extrapulmonary disease. Novel antifungals with improved fungicidal activity and rapidity of action with fewer side effects and drug interactions are needed. Preventive strategies (e.g., education regarding the disease, dust avoidance, mask wearing, including among select groups, antifungal prophylaxis, and surveillance laboratory testing) are advised for residents and travelers to endemic areas. Currently, no preventive vaccine is available. Coccidioidomycosis has been recognized for over a century, and an expanding wealth of knowledge has been gained regarding this emerging infectious disease which will be reviewed here. |
| 英文关键词 | Coccidioidomycosis Coccidioides Valley fever Endemic mycosis Review |
| 类型 | Review ; Early Access |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 开放获取类型 | Green Accepted, gold |
| 收录类别 | SCI-E |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000762890700001 |
| WOS关键词 | DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY ; VITRO ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY ; IMMITIS-ENDEMIC AREA ; UNITED-STATES ; IN-VITRO ; REFRACTORY COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS ; PULMONARY COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS ; ORAL FLUCONAZOLE ; NIKKOMYCIN Z ; ACTIVE COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS |
| WOS类目 | Infectious Diseases |
| WOS研究方向 | Infectious Diseases |
| 资源类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/377383 |
| 作者单位 | [Crum, Nancy F.] Scripps Hlth Syst, Infect Dis Dept, San Diego, CA 92127 USA |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Crum, Nancy F.. Coccidioidomycosis: A Contemporary Review[J],2022. |
| APA | Crum, Nancy F..(2022).Coccidioidomycosis: A Contemporary Review.INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY. |
| MLA | Crum, Nancy F.."Coccidioidomycosis: A Contemporary Review".INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY (2022). |
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