干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Morpho-physiological effects of moisture, heat and combined stresses on Sorghum bicolor [Moench (L.)] and its acclimation mechanisms

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DOI	10.1016/j.stress.2021.100018
	Morpho-physiological effects of moisture, heat and combined stresses on Sorghum bicolor [Moench (L.)] and its acclimation mechanisms
	Ndlovu, Elton; van Staden, Johannes; Maphosa, Mcebisi
通讯作者	Ndlovu, E ; van Staden, J (corresponding author), Univ Kwazulu Natal Pietermaritzburg, Res Ctr Plant Growth & Dev, Sch Life Sci, Private Bag X01, ZA-3209 Scottsville, South Africa.
来源期刊	PLANT STRESS
ISSN	2667-064X
出版年	2021
卷号	2
英文摘要	Increasing incidences of combined drought and heat stress poses a serious threat to production and productivity of crops in sub-Saharan Africa where 95% of crop production is rainfed. In this review we discuss the morphological and physiological effects of drought and heat stresses, with specific emphasis on their combined effects on sorghum, a hardy small grain crop of diverse uses and suitable for marginal areas of the semi-arid tropics. Resistance mechanisms to drought stress were reviewed to enhance understanding amongst crop scientists and botanists. The most important physiological processes in sorghum that is sensitive to drought and heat stresses include cell division, cell metabolism, photosynthesis, biosynthesis of bioactive and secondary metabolites, nutrient uptake and membrane stability. All of which affects germination, growth, reproduction and consequently controls crop yield. Various morphological and physiological traits enable sorghum to tolerate drought and heat stress through escaping, avoiding and tolerating their effects to sustain physiological and metabolic activities. A deep root system, thick leaf cuticle layers and leaf rolling enable drought avoidance, while physiological adjustments include osmotic adjustment and stomatal regulation. Drought tolerance mechanisms are mainly physiological adjustments such as antioxidative capacity, membrane stability, cooler canopies and a stay green trait that achieves photosynthetic capacity and transpiration efficiency. However, there is great genetic variability even within sorghum on the genotypic responses to drought and heat stress. Understanding of morphological and physiological effects of abiotic stresses, especially when combined and tolerance mechanisms of a specified important crop like sorghum, gives us better insight and a more holistic approach in understanding biological systems that affect its productivity that may enhance its management and improvement.
英文关键词	Sorghum Drought tolerance Drought avoidance Drought escape
类型	Review
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	ESCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000725284300011
WOS关键词	STAY-GREEN TRAIT ; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL PEG ; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY ; ZEA-MAYS L. ; GRAIN-SORGHUM ; DROUGHT-RESISTANCE ; OSMOTIC ADJUSTMENT ; HIGH-TEMPERATURE ; ABIOTIC STRESS ; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES
WOS类目	Plant Sciences
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/374356
作者单位	[Ndlovu, Elton; van Staden, Johannes] Univ Kwazulu Natal Pietermaritzburg, Res Ctr Plant Growth & Dev, Sch Life Sci, Private Bag X01, ZA-3209 Scottsville, South Africa; [Maphosa, Mcebisi] Lupane State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, POB 170, Lupane, Zimbabwe
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ndlovu, Elton,van Staden, Johannes,Maphosa, Mcebisi. Morpho-physiological effects of moisture, heat and combined stresses on Sorghum bicolor [Moench (L.)] and its acclimation mechanisms[J],2021,2.
APA	Ndlovu, Elton,van Staden, Johannes,&Maphosa, Mcebisi.(2021).Morpho-physiological effects of moisture, heat and combined stresses on Sorghum bicolor [Moench (L.)] and its acclimation mechanisms.PLANT STRESS,2.
MLA	Ndlovu, Elton,et al."Morpho-physiological effects of moisture, heat and combined stresses on Sorghum bicolor [Moench (L.)] and its acclimation mechanisms".PLANT STRESS 2(2021).