干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Atmospheric transport and mixing of biological soil crust microorganisms

Arid

DOI	10.3934/environsci.2021032
	Atmospheric transport and mixing of biological soil crust microorganisms
	Warren, Steven D.; St Clair, Larry L.
通讯作者	Warren, SD (corresponding author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA.
来源期刊	AIMS ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
ISSN	2372-0344
EISSN	2372-0352
出版年	2021
卷号	8 期号:5 页码:498-516
英文摘要	Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are created where a diverse array of microorganisms colonize the surface and upper few millimeters of the soil and create a consolidated crust. They were originally described from arid ecosystems where vascular vegetation is naturally sparse or absent. They have since been discovered in all terrestrial ecosystems. Where present, they perform a variety of important ecological functions, including the capture and accumulation of water and essential plant nutrients, and their release in forms useful to vascular plants. They also stabilize the soil surface against wind and water erosion. BSC organisms include fungi (free-living, lichenized, and mycorrhizal), archaea, bacteria (cyanobacteria and chemotrophic and diazotrophic bacteria), terrestrial algae (including diatoms), and bryophytes (mosses and worts). BSC organisms reproduce primarily asexually via thallus or main body fragmentation or production of asexual spores that are readily dispersed by water and wind. Asexual and sexual propagules of BSC organisms are commonly lifted into the air with vast quantities of dust from the world's arid areas. BSC organisms and/or their propagules have been detected as high as the stratosphere. Some have also been detected in the mesosphere. Airborne dust, microorganisms, and their propagules contribute to the formation of essential raindrop and snowflake nuclei that, in turn, facilitate precipitation events. While airborne in the atmosphere, they also reflect the sun's rays passing laterally through the troposphere and stratosphere at dawn and dusk, often causing brilliant colors at sunrise and sunset.
英文关键词	aerobiology fungi archaea bacteria terrestrial algae bryophytes dust ecological roles
类型	Review
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	ESCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000729878300006
WOS关键词	CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI ; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT ; PACIFIC TRANSPORT ; AIRBORNE ALGAE ; DUST TRANSPORT ; SAND DUNES ; BACTERIA ; DIVERSITY ; AEROSOLS ; GERMINATION
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/374225
作者单位	[Warren, Steven D.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA; [St Clair, Larry L.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA; [St Clair, Larry L.] ML Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Warren, Steven D.,St Clair, Larry L.. Atmospheric transport and mixing of biological soil crust microorganisms[J],2021,8(5):498-516.
APA	Warren, Steven D.,&St Clair, Larry L..(2021).Atmospheric transport and mixing of biological soil crust microorganisms.AIMS ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE,8(5),498-516.
MLA	Warren, Steven D.,et al."Atmospheric transport and mixing of biological soil crust microorganisms".AIMS ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 8.5(2021):498-516.