干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Finger Millet Production in Ethiopia: Opportunities, Problem Diagnosis, Key Challenges and Recommendations for Breeding

Arid

DOI	10.3390/su132313463
	Finger Millet Production in Ethiopia: Opportunities, Problem Diagnosis, Key Challenges and Recommendations for Breeding
	Gebreyohannes, Adane; Shimelis, Hussein; Laing, Mark; Mathew, Isack; Odeny, Damaris A.; Ojulong, Henry
通讯作者	Gebreyohannes, A (corresponding author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Agr Earth & Environm Sci, African Ctr Crop Improvement, ZA-3209 Scottsville, South Africa. ; Gebreyohannes, A (corresponding author), Melkassa Agr Res Ctr, Ethiopian Inst Agr Res, Adama 436, Ethiopia.
来源期刊	SUSTAINABILITY
EISSN	2071-1050
出版年	2021
卷号	13 期号:23
英文摘要	Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn) is a highly nutritious crop, predominantly grown in the semi-arid tropics of the world. Finger millet has a niche market opportunity due to its human health benefits and being rich in calcium, iron and dietary fiber and gluten-free. Ethiopia is the center of the genetic diversity of the crop. However, the productivity of finger millet in the country is low (<2.4 tons ha(-1)) compared with its potential yield (6 tons ha(-1)). The yield gap in Ethiopia is due to a range of biotic and abiotic stresses and socio-economic constraints that are yet to be systemically documented and prioritized to guide future production and improved variety development and release. The objective of this study was to document finger millet production opportunities, constraints and farmer-preferred traits in Ethiopia as a guide to variety design in improvement programs. A participatory rural appraisal (PRA) study was undertaken in six selected districts of the Southern Nation Nationalities People Region (SNNPR) and Oromia Region in Ethiopia. Data were collected from 240 and 180 participant farmers through a semi-structured questionnaire and focus group discussion, respectively. Finger millet was the most important crop in the study areas grown mainly for a combination of uses, including for food, feed and cash (reported by 38.8% of respondent farmers), food and feed (14.5%), food and cash (13.7%), food (11.5%) and food, cash, feed and construction material (9.7%). Hand weeding was used by 59.2% of the respondent farmers, followed by hand weeding and chemical herbicides (40.8%). Finger millet was mainly planted as a sole crop (reported by 97.0% respondents), mixed (1.7%) and sole and mixed (1.3%). About 75.6% of respondent farmers only practiced finger millet rotation with other crops. Respondent farmers indicated their source of fresh seed was from the Bureau of Agriculture (49.1%), farmer-to-farmer seed exchange (22.1%), own saved seed (7.5%), local producers (7.5%), research institutions (5.8%), unknown sources (4.1%), local market (3.5%) and cooperatives (0.42%). The total cost of finger millet production per hectare was calculated at 1249 USD with a total income of 2139 USD/ha, making a benefit to cost ratio of 1.71:1.00 and indicating the relatively low yield gains using the currently grown varieties. The main constraints to finger millet production in the study areas were drought stress (reported by 41.3% respondents), lack of improved varieties (12.9%), lack of financial resources (11.3%), small land holdings (10.8%), limited access to seed (10.0%), a shortage of fertilizers (5.4%), poor soil fertility (4.6%), shortage of draught power (1.3%), labour shortages (1.3%) and high labour costs (1.3%). The most important farmer-preferred traits in a finger millet variety were high grain yield, compact head shape, 'enjera'-making quality, high marketability and early maturity, resolved through principal component analysis. The above-mentioned production constraints and farmer-preferred traits are strategic drivers to enhance finger millet productivity and need to be incorporated into Ethiopia's finger millet breeding and technology development.
英文关键词	Eleusine coracana drought stress finger millet participatory rural appraisal indigenous knowledge
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	SCI-E ; SSCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000735097900001
WOS关键词	SORGHUM PRODUCTION ; PRODUCTION CONSTRAINTS ; FARMERS PERCEPTIONS ; TRAIT PREFERENCES ; DROUGHT ; EASTERN ; L. ; MANAGEMENT ; AREAS ; YIELD
WOS类目	Green & Sustainable Science & Technology ; Environmental Sciences ; Environmental Studies
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/373930
作者单位	[Gebreyohannes, Adane; Shimelis, Hussein; Laing, Mark; Mathew, Isack] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Agr Earth & Environm Sci, African Ctr Crop Improvement, ZA-3209 Scottsville, South Africa; [Gebreyohannes, Adane] Melkassa Agr Res Ctr, Ethiopian Inst Agr Res, Adama 436, Ethiopia; [Odeny, Damaris A.; Ojulong, Henry] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, POB 39063-00623, Nairobi, Kenya
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gebreyohannes, Adane,Shimelis, Hussein,Laing, Mark,et al. Finger Millet Production in Ethiopia: Opportunities, Problem Diagnosis, Key Challenges and Recommendations for Breeding[J],2021,13(23).
APA	Gebreyohannes, Adane,Shimelis, Hussein,Laing, Mark,Mathew, Isack,Odeny, Damaris A.,&Ojulong, Henry.(2021).Finger Millet Production in Ethiopia: Opportunities, Problem Diagnosis, Key Challenges and Recommendations for Breeding.SUSTAINABILITY,13(23).
MLA	Gebreyohannes, Adane,et al."Finger Millet Production in Ethiopia: Opportunities, Problem Diagnosis, Key Challenges and Recommendations for Breeding".SUSTAINABILITY 13.23(2021).