干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Formulating and assessing best water and salt management practices: Lessons from non-saline and water-logged irrigated fields

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106706
	Formulating and assessing best water and salt management practices: Lessons from non-saline and water-logged irrigated fields
	Barnard, Johannes Hendrikus; Matthews, Nicolette; du Preez, Christiaan Cornelius
通讯作者	Barnard, JH (corresponding author), Univ Free State, Dept Soil Crop & Climate Sci, POB 339, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa.
来源期刊	AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
ISSN	0378-3774
EISSN	1873-2283
出版年	2021
卷号	247
英文摘要	To address the on-site and off-site salt load impact associated with non-saline and water-logged irrigated fields a well-considered strategy is required. This implies minimal salt mobilisation and additions through irrigation, no crop yield losses due to excessive salt in the root zone, and minimal irrigation-induced drainage and leaching. The aim was to formulate best water and salt management practices to achieve this strategy and conduct an extensive assessment on whether they are implemented before problems appear. Weekly and seasonal data (2 years) from 19 fields (28 measuring sites) were used. Crops included barley, wheat, groundnuts, maize and lucerne grown in a semi-arid climate. Dominant soils were sandy loam, loamy sand and sandy with lateral moving shallow groundwater tables (depth 1.2 m and electrical conductivity < 250 mS m(-1)), while electrical conductivity of primary water sources is < 100 mS m(-1). Good decisions included the use of centre pivot compared to flood irrigation, irrigation schedules that ensured soil matric potential for maximum crop transpiration and limited yield losses due to water logging and soil salinity. Poor decisions were incorrect sprinkler design and excessive pumping pressure and limited use of rainfall and capillary rise to irrigate less. Growing season rainfall-plus-irrigation were a mean 55% more than the quota (annual water allocated to farmers), and 35%, 39%, 60%, 106% and 67% more than a conservative estimate of barley, wheat, groundnuts, maize and lucerne transpiration, respectively. The magnitude of variation in this oversupply were similar than the mean values. Approximately all salts applied through irrigation were leached from the root zone, while minimal re-use of drainage water was made (only 3 fields). In terms of resource use efficiency and preventing environmental degradation the evidence is overwhelming for improved decisions at field level. However, given sufficient supply of water, continuation of the status quo, might be sustainable in the long term.
英文关键词	Crop production Irrigation farming Soil salinity Water logging Water quality
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000617775600008
WOS类目	Agronomy ; Water Resources
WOS研究方向	Agriculture ; Water Resources
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/368929
作者单位	[Barnard, Johannes Hendrikus; du Preez, Christiaan Cornelius] Univ Free State, Dept Soil Crop & Climate Sci, POB 339, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa; [Matthews, Nicolette] Univ Free State, Dept Agr Econ, POB 339, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Barnard, Johannes Hendrikus,Matthews, Nicolette,du Preez, Christiaan Cornelius. Formulating and assessing best water and salt management practices: Lessons from non-saline and water-logged irrigated fields[J],2021,247.
APA	Barnard, Johannes Hendrikus,Matthews, Nicolette,&du Preez, Christiaan Cornelius.(2021).Formulating and assessing best water and salt management practices: Lessons from non-saline and water-logged irrigated fields.AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT,247.
MLA	Barnard, Johannes Hendrikus,et al."Formulating and assessing best water and salt management practices: Lessons from non-saline and water-logged irrigated fields".AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT 247(2021).