干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Anthropogenic depletion of Iran's aquifers

Arid

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2024221118
	Anthropogenic depletion of Iran's aquifers
	Noori, Roohollah; Maghrebi, Mohsen; Mirchi, Ali; Tang, Qiuhong; Bhattarai, Rabin; Sadegh, Mojtaba; Noury, Mojtaba; Haghighi, Ali Torabi; Klove, Bjorn; Madani, Kaveh
通讯作者	Noori, R (corresponding author), Univ Oulu, Fac Technol, Water Energy & Environm Engn Res Unit, Oulu 90014, Finland.
来源期刊	PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
ISSN	0027-8424
出版年	2021
卷号	118 期号:25
英文摘要	Global groundwater assessments rank Iran among countries with the highest groundwater depletion rate using coarse spatial scales that hinder detection of regional imbalances between renewable groundwater supply and human withdrawals. Herein, we use in situ data from 12,230 piezometers, 14,856 observation wells, and groundwater extraction points to provide ground-based evidence about Iran's widespread groundwater depletion and salinity problems. While the number of groundwater extraction points increased by 84.9% from 546,000 in 2002 to over a million in 2015, the annual groundwater withdrawal decreased by 18% (from 74.6 to 61.3 km3/y) primarily due to physical limits to fresh groundwater resources (i.e., depletion and/or salinization). On average, withdrawing 5.4 km3/y of nonrenewable water caused groundwater tables to decline 10 to 100 cm/yin different regions, averaging 49 cm/y across the country. This caused elevated annual average electrical conductivity (EC) of groundwater in vast arid/semiarid areas of central and eastern Iran (16 out of 30 subbasins), indicating very high salinity hazard for irrigation water. The annual average EC values were generally lower in the wetter northern and western regions, where groundwater EC improvements were detected in rare cases. Our results based on high-resolution groundwater measurements reveal alarming water security threats associated with declining fresh groundwater quantity and quality due to many years of unsustainable use. Our analysis offers insights into the environmental implications and limitations of water-intensive development plans that other water-scarce countries might adopt.
英文关键词	groundwater depletion salinity water resources management water quality
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	hybrid, Green Published, Green Submitted
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000665806600006
WOS关键词	GROUNDWATER DEPLETION ; GRACE
WOS类目	Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
来源机构	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/368688
作者单位	[Noori, Roohollah; Haghighi, Ali Torabi; Klove, Bjorn] Univ Oulu, Fac Technol, Water Energy & Environm Engn Res Unit, Oulu 90014, Finland; [Maghrebi, Mohsen] Univ Tehran, Coll Engn, Sch Environm, Tehran 1417853111, Iran; [Mirchi, Ali] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA; [Tang, Qiuhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Proc, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China; [Tang, Qiuhong] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Resources & Environm, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China; [Bhattarai, Rabin] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA; [Sadegh, Mojtaba] Boise State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA; [Noury, Mojtaba] Islamic Azad Univ, Sci & Res Branch, Tehran 1477893855, Iran; [Madani, Kaveh] Yale Univ, Whitney & Betty MacMillan Ctr Int & Area Stud, New Haven, CT 06511 USA; [Madani, Kaveh] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Noori, Roohollah,Maghrebi, Mohsen,Mirchi, Ali,et al. Anthropogenic depletion of Iran's aquifers[J]. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2021,118(25).
APA	Noori, Roohollah.,Maghrebi, Mohsen.,Mirchi, Ali.,Tang, Qiuhong.,Bhattarai, Rabin.,...&Madani, Kaveh.(2021).Anthropogenic depletion of Iran's aquifers.PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,118(25).
MLA	Noori, Roohollah,et al."Anthropogenic depletion of Iran's aquifers".PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 118.25(2021).