干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Impact of Feeding Habits on Population Ecology and Breeding Biology of Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) in District Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan

Arid

DOI	10.17582/journal.pjz/20191201141217
	Impact of Feeding Habits on Population Ecology and Breeding Biology of Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) in District Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan
	Khan, Aftab Raza; Khan, Azhar Abbas; Iqbal, Javed; Khan, Arif Muhammad; Hassan, Zeshan; Aatif, Hafiz Muhammad; Shahzad, Umbreen
通讯作者	Khan, AA (corresponding author), Bahauddin Zakariyya Univ, Coll Agr, Bahadur Campus, Layyah, Pakistan.
来源期刊	PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
ISSN	0030-9923
出版年	2021
卷号	53 期号:6 页码:2351-2357
英文摘要	Human-mediated wildlife reshuffling has raised concerns over the conservation of insects and predatory birds. Globally the population of grey francolin Francolinus pondicerianus is the Least Concern in the Red List of Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, its population has been significantly reduced in the desert ecosystem of Bhakkar (Punjab) Pakistan. The study was conducted to study the population ecology and breeding biology in relation to feeding habits of grey francolin in 16 different stands in Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan. The line transect data suggested grey francolin presence in 15 out of 16 stands (93.75%). An average density of grey francolins 13.01 +/- 6.39/km(2) varying between 0.30 +/- 0.23 and 1.97 +/- 0.65/ km(2) was recorded in different stands. Sex ratio of grey francolins (1.41:1) was skewed towards males. The current data on overall dispersion index of 2.1 +/- 0.43 per km(2) in different calendar months reflected a clumped dispersion. Sixty crops of adult birds were analyzed for food contents in different seasons. Leaves, seeds and arthropods were highly consumed food contents in all seasons. Descriptive data analysis indicated a statistically significant value of p < 0.05 between arthropod abundance and volume of arthropods in the diet of both adults and juveniles. Chi-square test (chi(2)) reflected a positive relationship between adult crop contents and different calendar months and stands. The data regarding breeding biology exhibited mean incubation period, clutch size and egg weight of 16.67 +/- 1.45, 4.0 +/- 0.58, 9.56 +/- 0.33 in study (stand 12) and 13.60 +/- 0.46, 6.4 +/- 0.46, 11.44 +/- 0.58 in control area (stand 16) respectively. There was a positive trend of threat factors with density and dispersion index (p < 0.05). The results indicated that, seasonal variations affected the feeding habits of grey francolin, which caused fluctuation in density and dispersion index of this species. Future studies are also warranted to evaluate the impact of injudicious use of pesticides on predatory performance of these birds against a wide range of arthropods including grasshoppers, crickets and locusts.
英文关键词	Grey francolin Dispersion index Fledging success Arthropods Ecological threats
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000716994900040
WOS关键词	AGRI-ENVIRONMENT SCHEMES ; RESERVE ; DENSITY
WOS类目	Zoology
WOS研究方向	Zoology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/368049
作者单位	[Khan, Aftab Raza] Govt Postgrad Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Bhakkar, Pakistan; [Khan, Azhar Abbas; Hassan, Zeshan; Aatif, Hafiz Muhammad; Shahzad, Umbreen] Bahauddin Zakariyya Univ, Coll Agr, Bahadur Campus, Layyah, Pakistan; [Iqbal, Javed] Govt Degree Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Mankera, Pakistan; [Khan, Arif Muhammad] Univ Sargodha, Dept Biotechnol, Main Campus, Sargodha, Pakistan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Khan, Aftab Raza,Khan, Azhar Abbas,Iqbal, Javed,et al. Impact of Feeding Habits on Population Ecology and Breeding Biology of Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) in District Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan[J],2021,53(6):2351-2357.
APA	Khan, Aftab Raza.,Khan, Azhar Abbas.,Iqbal, Javed.,Khan, Arif Muhammad.,Hassan, Zeshan.,...&Shahzad, Umbreen.(2021).Impact of Feeding Habits on Population Ecology and Breeding Biology of Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) in District Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan.PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY,53(6),2351-2357.
MLA	Khan, Aftab Raza,et al."Impact of Feeding Habits on Population Ecology and Breeding Biology of Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) in District Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan".PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 53.6(2021):2351-2357.