干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): The late Ottoman defended landscapes along the Hijaz railway in southern Jordan

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DOI	10.1080/00758914.2021.1988247
	The late Ottoman defended landscapes along the Hijaz railway in southern Jordan
	Winterburn, John B.
通讯作者	Winterburn, JB (corresponding author), Univ Bristol, Dept Anthropol & Archaeol, Bristol, Avon, England. ; Winterburn, JB (corresponding author), Univ Oxford, Sch Archaeol, Oxford, England.
来源期刊	LEVANT
ISSN	0075-8914
EISSN	1756-3801
出版年	2021-11
英文摘要	The Hijaz Railway was built to transport hajj pilgrims from Damascus to Medina and Mecca. This paper examines railway landscapes in the south of Jordan and how they were militarized by a garrison at MaMODIFIER LETTER LEFT HALF RINGan and troops at smaller stations. Fieldwork has shown an extensive defended landscape surrounding the railway, but a date for constructing these fortifications was previously unknown. This paper demonstrates that the railway was lightly defended when constructed (1900-1908), however, after the capture of Aqaba in July 1917, and the establishment of a British base there, the Ottomans rapidly defended the landscapes with a series of forts, earthworks and trench systems. These defences are among the last constructed by the Ottoman Empire. They are some of the best-preserved early 20th-century CE military defences in the Middle East. They are not, however, protected and are subject to damage from industry and looting.
英文关键词	Great Arab revolt landscapes fortifications defence Hijaz railway Ottoman period Jordan
类型	Article ; Early Access
语种	英语
收录类别	AHCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000719219500001
WOS关键词	ARCHAEOLOGY ; DESERT ; FIRE
WOS类目	Archaeology
WOS研究方向	Archaeology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/367735
作者单位	[Winterburn, John B.] Univ Bristol, Dept Anthropol & Archaeol, Bristol, Avon, England; [Winterburn, John B.] Univ Oxford, Sch Archaeol, Oxford, England
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Winterburn, John B.. The late Ottoman defended landscapes along the Hijaz railway in southern Jordan[J],2021.
APA	Winterburn, John B..(2021).The late Ottoman defended landscapes along the Hijaz railway in southern Jordan.LEVANT.
MLA	Winterburn, John B.."The late Ottoman defended landscapes along the Hijaz railway in southern Jordan".LEVANT (2021).

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