干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 绿洲灌区不同施氮水平下玉米绿肥间作模式的水分利用特征

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	绿洲灌区不同施氮水平下玉米绿肥间作模式的水分利用特征
其他题名	Water Use Characteristics of Maize-Green Manure Intercropping Under Different Nitrogen Application Levels in the Oasis Irrigation Area
	李含婷; 柴强; 王琦明; 胡发龙; 于爱忠; 赵财; 殷文; 樊志龙; 范虹
来源期刊	中国农业科学
ISSN	0578-1752
出版年	2021
卷号	54 期号:12 页码:0578-1752
中文摘要	【目的】针对玉米连作对化肥依赖过高、水分利用效率低下等问题,探讨间作绿肥和减施氮肥对玉米农田耗水特征的影响,以期明确间作绿肥生产玉米的水分利用特征,为玉米生产减氮及水分高效利用技术的优化提供理论实践依据。【方法】 20182019年,在河西绿洲设置田间定位试验,设玉米间作绿肥和单作玉米(M)两种种植模式,减量25%施氮(N1:270 kg·hm~(-2))和传统施氮(N2:360 kg·hm~(-2))两个施氮水平,绿肥种类包括作箭筈豌豆(V)和油菜(R),研究不同处理下耗水特性和产量表现。【结果】间作绿肥可保证玉米稳产,在玉米/绿肥带状间作模式中,N1与N2处理的玉米产量差异不显著。间作绿肥和减施氮肥25%处理可提高绿肥刈割期、玉米收获后土壤含水量,以M/VN1处理提高幅度最大,较传统施氮下单作玉米(MN2)分别高17.2%18.9%、28.6%31.3%;间作绿肥和减施氮肥25%处理可降低作物在绿肥播前至刈割、绿肥刈割至玉米收获和作物全生育期的耗水量,以M/VN1处理降低幅度最大,较MN2分别降低38.848.8、32.953.9和80.992.7 mm;间作绿肥可提高玉米水分利用效率,以M/V处理最为突出,比M处理高14.9%15.6%;N1与N2相比,M/R、M/V处理水分利用效率分别提高3.4%5.2%、5.7%6.5%,M处理的降低4.0%5.5%;提高幅度以M/VN1处理最大,较MN2高14.8%16.8%。玉米间作绿肥、减施氮肥25%处理可有效改善土壤含水量,降低系统耗水,提高玉米水分利用效率,具有较高的水分生产力。【结论】在水资源短缺的河西绿洲灌区,间作绿肥可保证玉米稳产,具有较高的水分供给潜力,其中玉米间作箭筈豌豆集成减量25%施氮处理的综合效果最好。
英文摘要	【Objective】 The excessive reliance on chemical fertilizers and lower water productivity have constrained maize production in continuous maize cropping. This study explored the characteristics of water consumption through intercropping maize with green manure and reducing of N fertilizer rate. The aim was to investigate the characteristics of water utilization of maize production due to intercropping green manure, so as to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the optimization of nitrogen reduction and water use efficiency (WUE) in maize production. 【Method】 The field experiment was conducted from 2018 to 2019 in Hexi oasis irrigation region. There were two cropping patterns, i.e. maize-green manure intercropping and sole maize (M). Two N fertilizer rates, i.e. 25% N fertilizer reduction (N1) and traditional N fertilizer application (N2), were managed. The green manure included common vetch (V) and rape (R). Water consumption characteristics and yield performance of various treatments were studied. 【Result】 Intercropping green manure did not reduce grain yield of maize even with lower N application, as no significant difference of grain yield between N1 and N2. Intercropping green manure couple with 25% N fertilizer reduction could increase soil water content at the green manure clipping and maize harvest, and the increase range of M/VN1 was the largest, which was 17.2%-18.9% and 28.6%-31.3% higher than that of sole maize under traditional N fertilizer application (MN2). Intercropping green manure couple with 25% N fertilizer reduction significantly reduced the crop water consumption. Compared with MN2, the water consumption of M/VN1 was decreased by 38.8-48.8 mm, 32.9-53.9 mm and 80.9-92.7 mm, respectively, at before green manure planting to clipping, green manure clipping to maize harvest, and the entire growing period. Intercropping green manure also improved the WUE of maize; and M/V treatment was the most prominent, which was 14.9%-15.6% higher than M treatment. Compared with N2, N1 treatments of M/R and M/V increased WUE by 3.4%-5.2% and 5.7%-6.5%, respectively; while M treatment decreased WUE by 4.0%-5.5%. Intercropping maize with green manure integrated 25% N fertilizer reduction had greater WUE, the WUE of M/VN1 was increased by 14.8%-16.8% compared with MN2. Thus, intercropping maize with common vetch integrated 25% N fertilizer reduction could effectively improve soil water content, reduce water consumption of the system, increase WUE of maize, and have high water productivity. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that intercropping green manure to substitute partial chemical fertilizer N in water limited oasis irrigation region had high water supply potential. Intercropping maize with common vetch integrated 25% N fertilizer reduction was the optimum practice.
中文关键词	玉米/绿肥间作 ; 减量施氮 ; 土壤含水量 ; 产量 ; 水分利用
英文关键词	maize-green manure intercropping nitrogen fertilizer reduction soil water content yield water use
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6991587
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/365437
作者单位	李含婷, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 柴强, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 王琦明, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 胡发龙, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 于爱忠, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 赵财, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 殷文, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 樊志龙, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 范虹, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李含婷,柴强,王琦明,等. 绿洲灌区不同施氮水平下玉米绿肥间作模式的水分利用特征[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2021,54(12):0578-1752.
APA	李含婷.,柴强.,王琦明.,胡发龙.,于爱忠.,...&范虹.(2021).绿洲灌区不同施氮水平下玉米绿肥间作模式的水分利用特征.中国农业科学,54(12),0578-1752.
MLA	李含婷,et al."绿洲灌区不同施氮水平下玉米绿肥间作模式的水分利用特征".中国农业科学 54.12(2021):0578-1752.