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	湖南植被研究:植被类型、组成和分布格局
其他题名	Vegetation research in Hunan Province:vegetation types,composition,and distribution pattern
	李家湘; 游健荣; 徐永福; 喻勋林; 邓梦达; 吴磊; 祁承经
来源期刊	中国科学. 生命科学
ISSN	1674-7232
出版年	2021
卷号	51 期号:3 页码:1674-7232
中文摘要	植被为人类提供了赖以生存的环境和物质基础,认识植被是科学保护和可持续利用植被资源的重要前提.湖南省地处云贵高原向华东丘陵、平原的过渡地带,植被在组成和分布上具有显著的地域特色,但在全球变化背景下,关于湖南植被现状如何?产生了哪些变化?植被类型及其分布格局是怎样的?等问题尚不清楚.本文基于大量的野外调查、数据积累和文献信息,对湖南植被研究历史、现状植被类型、组成和分布格局等方面进行了综述.湖南植被研究经历了起始时期(1949年之前)、全面调查和描述时期(1949~1990年)和深入发展时期(1990年以后).近40年来,湖南省森林覆盖率提高至59.82%,天然林得到了有效保护,低山、丘陵区和石漠化地区森林植被得到很好恢复,低山针叶林、毛竹林、暖性竹丛和中山灌丛面积大幅度增加,栽培植被格局亦发生了显著变化.本文在评述原有湖南植被分类系统的基础上,新拟了湖南植被分类系统:自然植被共4个植被型组、11个植被型、25个植被亚型、80个群系组、248个群系,栽培植被共2类、12型、21亚型、74林(园).水平分布上,湖南植被的空间异质性显著,植被类型、物种组成和群落结构的南-北、东-西差异显著;森林主要分布于湘东、湘南和湘西的幕连九山脉、罗霄山脉、南岭山脉、雪峰山脉和武陵山脉,农田和湿地植被则以湘中和湘北的丘陵和平原区最为集中.垂直梯度上,湖南植被的垂直自然带不甚明显,大致可分为常绿阔叶林带、常绿落叶阔叶混交林带、落叶阔叶林和山顶矮林带,垂直带的数量和宽度在山体间的差异极大.同时,本文简要综述了湖南植被制图的进展和不足之处,并针对湖南植被研究的不足,展望了未来研究的方向和重点.
英文摘要	Vegetation provides the environment and material basis required for human survival.Understanding vegetation is an important prerequisite for scientific protection and sustainable utilization of vegetation resources.Hunan Province is located in the transition zone from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to east China hills and plain.Vegetation has significant regional characteristics in terms of composition and distribution;however,in the context of global change,what is the current situation of vegetation in Hunan Province? What changes have taken place? What are the vegetation types and their distribution patterns? These are some issues that are not clear.To address these questions,the data on the history of vegetation research,current vegetation types,and vegetation composition and distribution pattern in Hunan Province were reviewed based on an extensive field investigation,data accumulation,and literaturebased information.Three stages of vegetation research have been indicatedinitial stage(before 1949),comprehensive investigation and description stage(1949-1990),and further development stage(after 1990).In the past 40 years,the vegetation in Hunan Province has drastically changed.The proportion of forest cover in Hunan Province was increased to 59.82%,and the natural forest was effectively protected.Effective vegetation restoration occurred in low mountains,hilly areas,and rocky desertification areas,whereas the areas of coniferous forest,moso bamboo forest,warm bamboo shrubland,and middle mountain shrubland increased substantially,with significant changes in the cultivated vegetation pattern also significantly changed.A new vegetation classification system in Hunan was proposed based on review of the traditional vegetation classification system.In the new system,natural vegetation includes 4 vegetation type groups,11 vegetation types,25 vegetation subtypes,80 alliance groups,and 248 alliances,whereas cultivated vegetation includes 2 vegetation categories,12 vegetation types,21 vegetation subtypes,and 74 plantations(orchards).The spatial heterogeneity of vegetation in Hunan Province is significant in terms of its horizontal distribution.The vegetation types,species composition,and community structure show significant differences in the north-south and west-east directions.The forests are mainly distributed in the Mu-Lian-Jiu mountains,Luoxiao Mountains,Nanling Mountains,Xuefeng Mountains,and Wuling Mountains located in the east,south,and west of Hunan Province,whereas the farmland and wetland vegetation are located in the hills and plains in the middle and north of Hunan Province.On the vertical gradient,the vertical natural zone spectrum of vegetation in Hunan Province is not obvious,which could be roughly divided into evergreen broad-leaved forest zone,evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest zone,deciduous broad-leaved forest zone,and montane elfin forest zone.The integrity and bandwidth of this vertical zone spectrum are greatly different among mountains.Furthermore,the progress and shortcomings of vegetation mapping in Hunan Province are reviewed.Finally,an outlook on the direction and emphasis in future studies is given in view of the deficiency of vegetation research in Hunan Province.
中文关键词	植被分类系统 ; 植被制图 ; 水平分布格局 ; 垂直分布格局 ; 自然植被 ; 栽培植被
英文关键词	vegetation classification system vegetation mapping horizontal distribution pattern vertical distribution pattern natural vegetation cultural vegetation
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6958951
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/365428
作者单位	李家湘, 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙, 湖南 410004, 中国.; 游健荣, 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙, 湖南 410004, 中国.; 徐永福, 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙, 湖南 410004, 中国.; 喻勋林, 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙, 湖南 410004, 中国.; 邓梦达, 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙, 湖南 410004, 中国.; 吴磊, 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙, 湖南 410004, 中国.; 祁承经, 中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙, 湖南 410004, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李家湘,游健荣,徐永福,等. 湖南植被研究:植被类型、组成和分布格局[J],2021,51(3):1674-7232.
APA	李家湘.,游健荣.,徐永福.,喻勋林.,邓梦达.,...&祁承经.(2021).湖南植被研究:植被类型、组成和分布格局.中国科学. 生命科学,51(3),1674-7232.
MLA	李家湘,et al."湖南植被研究:植被类型、组成和分布格局".中国科学. 生命科学 51.3(2021):1674-7232.