干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 绿洲灌区春小麦产量和氮素利用率对绿肥还田量的响应

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	绿洲灌区春小麦产量和氮素利用率对绿肥还田量的响应
其他题名	Response of grain yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of spring wheat to green manure incorporation amount in oasis irrigation district
	王国璀; 张松茂; 胡发龙; 殷文; 樊志龙; 范虹; 于爱忠; 赵财; 柴强
来源期刊	植物营养与肥料学报
ISSN	1008-505X
出版年	2021
卷号	27 期号:7 页码:1008-505X
中文摘要	【目的】西北绿洲灌区小麦多连作种植,存在氮肥投入量大、利用率低等问题。研究麦后复种绿肥对小麦产量和氮素利用的影响,以期为该区小麦氮素高效利用技术的构建提供理论依据。【方法】 2018-2020年,在河西绿洲灌区开展小麦复种绿肥田间试验,春小麦季设置不施氮肥(N_0)和传统施氮量180 kg/hm~2(N_1)处理,小麦收获后分别设置不复种绿肥(G_0)和复种毛叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth)且盛花期还田处理,其还田量分别设置为15000 kg/hm~2(G_1)、30000 kg/hm~2(G_2)、45000 kg/hm~2(G_3),研究各处理对次年春小麦吸氮量、籽粒产量和氮肥利用率的影响。【结果】绿肥还田显著提高春小麦地上部氮素累积量。在小麦季施氮条件下,G_1、G_2、G_3处理后季小麦氮素积累量较G_0处理分别增加8.7%~9.3%、15.3%~16.6%、11.9%~12.3%,不施氮条件下,G_1、G_2、G_3处理较G_0处理分别增加3.3%~4.0%、4.6%~5.6%、5.9%~8.4%。施氮结合绿肥还田提高了春小麦营养器官氮素向穗部的转运量、转运率及对籽粒的贡献率,以G_2处理提高幅度最大。与G_0处理相比,G_2处理小麦叶部和茎部氮素向穗部的转运量分别提高38.8%~49.5%和49.1%~64.7%,转运率分别提高8.0%~21.5%和13.0%~14.9%,对籽粒的贡献率分别提高11.0%~26.0%和25.6%~31.3%;在春小麦传统施氮量条件下,G_2处理有较高的籽粒产量、氮素收获指数与氮肥利用率,较G_0处理分别提高18.4%~27.6%、 3.4%~7.2%与82.1%~105.3%。【结论】在干旱绿洲灌区,绿肥还田30000 kg/hm~2结合施氮180 kg/hm~2是提高春小麦产量、氮肥利用率的高效农艺措施。
英文摘要	【Objectives】 Continuous cultivation of spring wheat causes excessive N fertilizer input and reduction in N fertilizer utilization efficiency in Hexi Oasis Irrigation Region.Green manure(Vicia villosa Roth)could be incorporated into soil after wheat harvest to achieve a high-efficient N management system but the optimal amount of green manure incorporation is not known and requires investigation.【Methods】 A field experiment was conducted from 2018 to 2020.The spring wheat was first cultivated with N 180 kg/hm~2(N_1)and without N application(N_0).After the wheat harvest, green manure(Vicia villosa Roth)was incorporated into field at different rates i.e., no green manure(G_0, control), incorporation of 15000 kg/hm~2(G_1), 30000 kg/hm~2(G_2), and 45000 kg/hm~2(G_3)green manure to the field at full blooming stage.N uptake, grain yield and N use efficiency of the wheat cultivated after green manure application were investigated.【Results】 Green manure incorporation significantly increased aboveground N accumulation of spring wheat.Compared to N_1G_0, N accumulation of wheat in N_1G_1, N_1G_2, and N_1G_3 treatments increased by 8.7%-9.3%, 15.3%-16.6%, 11.9%-12.3%.Compared to N_0G_0, N accumulation of wheat in N_0G_1, N_0G_2, and N_0G_3 increased by 3.3%-4.0%, 4.6%-5.6%, 5.9%-8.4%.In the two years, N rate, green manure returning amount and their interaction effects significantly affected the translocation amount, translocation rate and contribution of nitrogen from leaves and stems to panicles.Among all green manure treatments, N_1G_2 treatment had the highest translocation and contribution value.Compared with N_1G_0, the N transfer amount of leaf-ear and stem-ear increased by 38.8%-49.5% and 49.1%-64.7%, the corresponding N transfer rate increased by 8.0%-21.5% and 13.0%-14.9%, and the contribution rate to grain increased by 11.0%-26.0% and 25.6%-31.3%, respectively.N_1G_2 treatment had the highest grain yield, N harvest index and N use efficiency.The fitting equation revealed that optimal nitrogen use efficiency could be obtained by incorporating green manure amount of 30000 kg/hm~2 into the field.【Conclusions】 In arid oasis irrigation area, incorporation of green manure at the rate of 30000 kg/hm~2 combined with 180 kg/hm~2 N application can be used as an efficient management technique for increasing grain yield and N use efficiency of spring wheat.
中文关键词	春小麦 ; 绿肥还田 ; 籽粒产量 ; 氮素累积与分配 ; 氮肥利用率
英文关键词	spring wheat green manure incorporation amount grain yield N accumulation and distribution N use efficiency
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:7026541
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/365404
作者单位	王国璀, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 张松茂, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 胡发龙, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 殷文, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 樊志龙, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 范虹, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 于爱忠, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 赵财, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 柴强, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王国璀,张松茂,胡发龙,等. 绿洲灌区春小麦产量和氮素利用率对绿肥还田量的响应[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2021,27(7):1008-505X.
APA	王国璀.,张松茂.,胡发龙.,殷文.,樊志龙.,...&柴强.(2021).绿洲灌区春小麦产量和氮素利用率对绿肥还田量的响应.植物营养与肥料学报,27(7),1008-505X.
MLA	王国璀,et al."绿洲灌区春小麦产量和氮素利用率对绿肥还田量的响应".植物营养与肥料学报 27.7(2021):1008-505X.