干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 生草和地布覆盖对攀枝花地区芒果园土壤性质及果实品质的影响

Arid

	生草和地布覆盖对攀枝花地区芒果园土壤性质及果实品质的影响
其他题名	Effects of grass planting and ground fabric mulching on soil properties and fruit quality in mango orchards in Panzhihua,China
	刘伟; 罗玲; 钟奇; 江国良; 潘宏兵; 杜邦; 李贵利
来源期刊	应用与环境生物学报
ISSN	1006-687X
出版年	2021
卷号	27 期号:2 页码:1006-687X
中文摘要	为向半干旱区芒果园土壤管理制度的制定提供理论依据,以攀枝花凯特'芒果果园为研究对象,设置紫云英生草刈割覆盖模式(雨季生草、旱季刈割覆盖)和地布覆盖模式2个处理,以清耕为对照(CK),于覆盖后第2年测定0-60 cm土壤pH、容重、孔隙度、含水量、持水量、贮水量、入渗速率与有机质、速效养分等性状,分析两种地面覆盖模式对芒果叶片叶绿素含量、比叶重及果实品质、产量的影响.结果表明:(1)两种覆盖模式均降低了芒果园土壤pH值、提高土壤水分含量及毛管孔隙度,紫云英生草刈割覆盖还提高了土壤非毛管孔隙度及土壤通气度、降低容重,影响主要集中在0-40 cm土层.(2)两种覆盖模式均提高了土壤持水量及贮水量,紫云英生草刈割覆盖优于地布覆盖,0-60 cm土壤最大、毛管、非毛管、田间持水量及吸持贮水量分别较清耕提高27.81%、31.65%、15.16%、10.38%、9.98%,且土壤合理灌溉定额较清耕降低3.80 mm.(3)紫云英生草刈割覆盖区0-60 cm土壤初渗速率、平均渗透速率、稳渗速率和渗透系数较清耕提高18.87%-36.86%,而地布覆盖区土壤入渗性能则无明显提高.(4)地布覆盖区土壤有机质、碱解氮含量与清耕无明显差异,而土壤有效磷、速效钾含量分别较清耕提高31.84%、14.43%;紫云英生草刈割覆盖区土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别较清耕提高74.48%、56.60%、84.20%、21.59%.(5)两种地面覆盖模式均提高了芒果叶片叶绿素含量及比叶重,提高了芒果果实可溶性固形物含量及固酸比,紫云英生草刈割覆盖模式还降低了芒果可滴定酸含量、提高了芒果单果重.可见,两种地面覆盖模式在改善土壤理化性质、提高土壤蓄水保墒能力、增强土壤肥力、提高果实品质方面均有良效,攀枝花半干旱区芒果园采用紫云英生草刈割覆盖模式效果更佳.
英文摘要	This study aimed to explore the effects of ground fabric and milk vetch grass mulching modes on soil physicochemical properties and the yield and quality of mango in Panzhihua,and to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of soil management systems of mango orchards in semi-arid regions.The experiment was conducted in a Keitt' mango orchard in Panzhihua with three treatments:ground fabric mulching,milk vetch grass mulching(planting grass in the rainy season,mowing and covering the grasses in the dry season),and clean tillage(CK).In the second year after mulching,the soil pH,bulk density,porosity,water content,waterholding capacity,water-storage capacity,permeability,organic matter,and available nutrients in 0-60 cm soil were measured,and the effects of the two soil surface mulching modes on chlorophyll content,specific leaf weight,fruit quality,and yield of mango were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)the two mulching modes decreased soil pH value and increased soil capillary porosity and water content,whereas the milk vetch grass mulching mode alone decreased soil bulk density,increased soil non-capillary porosity and aeration,and significantly improved the physical structure of soil,especially in the 0-40 cm soil layer.(2)The two mulching modes increased the soil water holding and water storage capacity,and the milk vetch grass mulching mode was better than the ground fabric mulching mode.The maximum water-holding capacity,capillary water-holding capacity,non-capillary water-holding capacity,field water-holding capacity,and soil absorbed water content in 0-60 cm grass treatment soil increased by 27.81%,31.65%,15.16%,10.38,and 9.98% compared to CK,respectively,and the reasonable irrigation quota decreased by 3.80 mm.(3)The soil initial permeability rate,steady permeability rate,average permeability rate,and permeability coefficient in 0-60 cm grass treatment soil increased by 18.87%-36.86% compared to CK,but soil infiltration capability in ground fabric treatment was not significantly improved.(4)There was no significant difference in soil organic matter and available N content between ground fabric treatment and CK,but the available P and K content in the ground fabric treatment increased by 31.84% and 14.43%,respectively,and the soil organic matter and available N,P,and K contents in the grass treatment increased by 74.48%,56.60%,84.20%,and 21.59% compared to CK,respectively.(5)The two mulching modes increased the chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight of mango leaves and increased the soluble solid content and the ratio of soluble substances and acids in mango fruit.The milk vetch grass mulching mode also reduced the titratable acid content of mango fruit and increased the single fruit weight.It can be seen that the two mulching modes can improve soil physicochemical properties and moisture retention,enhance soil fertility,and improve the quality of mango fruit.We therefore recommend the adoption of the milk vetch grass mulching mode in the Panzhihua mango orchard.
中文关键词	地面覆盖 ; 生草 ; 地布 ; 土壤水文 ; 土壤养分 ; 芒果园 ; 金沙江干热河谷
英文关键词	soil surface mulching grass planting ground fabric soil hydraulic soil nutrient mango orchard dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6965330
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/365377
作者单位	刘伟, 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所, 成都, 四川 610066, 中国.; 罗玲, 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所, 成都, 四川 610066, 中国.; 钟奇, 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所, 成都, 四川 610066, 中国.; 江国良, 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所, 成都, 四川 610066, 中国.; 潘宏兵, 攀枝花市农林科学研究院, 攀枝花, 四川 617061, 中国.; 杜邦, 攀枝花市农林科学研究院, 攀枝花, 四川 617061, 中国.; 李贵利, 攀枝花市农林科学研究院, 攀枝花, 四川 617061, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘伟,罗玲,钟奇,等. 生草和地布覆盖对攀枝花地区芒果园土壤性质及果实品质的影响[J],2021,27(2):1006-687X.
APA	刘伟.,罗玲.,钟奇.,江国良.,潘宏兵.,...&李贵利.(2021).生草和地布覆盖对攀枝花地区芒果园土壤性质及果实品质的影响.应用与环境生物学报,27(2),1006-687X.
MLA	刘伟,et al."生草和地布覆盖对攀枝花地区芒果园土壤性质及果实品质的影响".应用与环境生物学报 27.2(2021):1006-687X.