干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 氮肥运筹对旱地胡麻水分利用特征及产量的调控效应

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	氮肥运筹对旱地胡麻水分利用特征及产量的调控效应
其他题名	Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Operation on Water Use Characteristics and Yield of Flax in Dry Land
	张勇; 吴兵; 高玉红; 张巧霞; 王一帆; 景娜; 高珍妮
来源期刊	西北农业学报
ISSN	1004-1389
出版年	2021
卷号	30 期号:5 页码:1004-1389
中文摘要	为探索西北旱区适宜胡麻高产高效生产的氮肥运筹方式,采用大田试验,研究60 kg·hm~(-2)(J1)、120 kg·hm~(-2)(J2)和kg·hm~(-2) 180(J3) 3个不同施氮水平,氮全部基施(N1)、氮肥2/3基肥+1/3追肥(现蕾初期)(N2)、氮肥1/2基肥+1/2追肥(现蕾初期)(N3)、氮肥1/3基肥+2/3追肥(现蕾初期)(N4)和氮肥1/3基肥+1/3追肥(分茎期)+1/3追肥(现蕾初期)(N5)5个施肥时期对胡麻水分利用特征及其产量形成的影响。结果表明:施氮120 kg·hm~(-2)显著增加胡麻盛花期至青果期0~20 cm土层的土壤含水量,且氮全部基施(N1)、2/3基肥+1/3现蕾期追肥显著提高盛花期至青果期0~40 cm土层土壤含水量;J2处理下胡麻籽产量较J3和J1处理显著提高5.38%和8.32%,不同施氮水平下各处理间N2处理产量均达到最大值,J2N2处理较其余处理产量高出1.22%~25.27%;不同施氮水平处理下对胡麻贮水量、耗水量、水分利用效率影响均达极显著水平,J2施氮水平显著增加苗期土壤贮水量,J3施氮水平显著增加现蕾期、成熟期土壤贮水量,在不同施氮水平下随着施氮量增加耗水量呈降低趋势,J1处理耗水量较J2、J3处理显著高3.59%、10.34%,水分利用效率呈增加趋势,J3较J2、J1处理显著高7.47%、18.79%,不同施肥时期处理下J2N2、J2N4处理显著提高胡麻现蕾期土壤贮水量,不同处理间水分利用效率J2N2处理较其余处理显著高出15.09%~32.43%。由此表明,施氮120 kg·hm~(-2),氮肥2/3基肥和1/3追肥(现蕾初期)可有效提高胡麻现蕾期浅层土壤含水量及贮水量,且显著提高籽粒产量和水分利用效率,为定西区最佳氮运筹方式。
英文摘要	In order to explore the management method of nitrogen fertilizer suitable for high-yield and high-efficiency production of flax in the arid area of Northwest China,three different nitrogen application levels including 60 kg·hm~(-2)(J1),120 kg·hm~(-2)(J2) and 180 kg·hm~(-2)(J3),the effect of interaction on water use characteristics and yield formation of flax were studied by field experiment in five fertilization periods including all nitrogen basal application(N1),2/3 basal fertilizer + 1/3 topdressing at budding stage(N2),1/2 basal fertilizer + 1/2 topdressing at budding stage(N3),1/3 basal fertilizer+ 2/3 topdressing at budding stage(N4),1/3 base fertilizer+1/3 topdressing at stalk stage+1/3 topdressing at budding stage(N5).The results showed that nitrogen application of 120 kg·hm~(-2) significantly increased the soil water content in the 0-20 cm soil layer from the anthesis stage to the young fruit stage,and all nitrogen was applied as a base(N1),2/3 base fertilizer + 1/3 topdressing at budding stage significantly increased the soil water content of the 0-40 cm soil layer from the anthesis stage to the young fruit stage; the grain yield of flax under J2 treatment significantly increased by 5.38% and 8.32% compared with J3 and J1 treatments. Under different nitrogen levels,the yield under N2 treatment reached the maximum,and the yield under J2N2 treatment was 1.22%-25.27% higher than that under other treatments.The effects of different nitrogen application levels on water storage,water consumption and water use efficiency of flax were extremely significant level.The nitrogen application level of J2 significantly increased the soil water storage at the seedling stage,and the nitrogen application level of J3 significantly increased the soil storage at the budding and maturity stages. The water consumption showed a decreasing trend with the increase of nitrogen application under different nitrogen application levels.The water consumption under J1 treatment was significantly higher than that of J2 and J3 treatments by 3.59% and 10.34%,and the water use efficiency showed an increasing trend. J3 was 7.47% and 18.79% significantly higher thant hat of J2 and J1 treatments.In different fertilization periods,the J2N2 and J2N4 treatments significantly increased the soil water storage at the budding stage,and the water use efficiency under J2N2 treatments was 15.09%- 32.43% higher.In conclusion,the nitrogen level of 120 kg·hm~(-2) and the fertilization periods of 2/3 base fertilizer and 1/3 topdressing at budding stage can effectively increase the shallow soil water content and water storage at budding stage,and significantly improve grain yield and water use efficiency,so it is the best nitrogen management method in this experimental area.
中文关键词	胡麻 ; 施氮水平 ; 施肥时期 ; 产量 ; 耗水特性
英文关键词	Flax Nitrogen application level Fertilization period Yield Water consumption characteristics
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6993196
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/365339
作者单位	张勇, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 高玉红, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 张巧霞, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 王一帆, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 景娜, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 吴兵, 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 高珍妮, 甘肃农业大学信息科学技术学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张勇,吴兵,高玉红,等. 氮肥运筹对旱地胡麻水分利用特征及产量的调控效应[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2021,30(5):1004-1389.
APA	张勇.,吴兵.,高玉红.,张巧霞.,王一帆.,...&高珍妮.(2021).氮肥运筹对旱地胡麻水分利用特征及产量的调控效应.西北农业学报,30(5),1004-1389.
MLA	张勇,et al."氮肥运筹对旱地胡麻水分利用特征及产量的调控效应".西北农业学报 30.5(2021):1004-1389.