干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 西北干旱区盛果期灰枣休眠期液流研究

Arid

	西北干旱区盛果期灰枣休眠期液流研究
其他题名	Stem flow of mature jujube trees during dormancy in arid area of northwest China
	张洋; 马英杰
来源期刊	果树学报
ISSN	1009-9980
出版年	2021
卷号	38 期号:6 页码:1009-9980
中文摘要	【目的】采用微喷灌的灌溉方式,通过对20年生灰枣的茎流速率连续2 a的定点监测,测定灰枣在休眠期内的耗水量,为新疆盛果期枣园高效节水灌溉提供理论依据。【方法】利用针式茎流计对灰枣树茎流速率连续监测,研究休眠期枣树的茎流速率与气象因子的关联程度。【结果】20年生灰枣在休眠期的夜间有明显的液流活动,在50 ~490 mL·h~(-1)的范围波动。休眠期茎流速率的峰值区间随着休眠的各阶段的不同而发生变化,从休眠期C1、C2和C3阶段的07:00- 10:00间到C4和C5阶段的10:00-13:00间,茎流速率的峰值存在明显的偏移。枣树茎流速率峰值大都在07:00- 12:00间波动,休眠前期(C1)和打破休眠期(C5)较大,轻度休眠期(C3)最小。休眠期各阶段的日累积耗水量呈现出先减少后增加的变化趋势,与生育期相反。休眠期各阶段茎流速率与空气湿度的相关系数分别为RC1=0.770、RC2= 0.818、RC3=0.660、RC4=0.549和RC5=0.769**。利用多元线性回归对枣树茎流速率和气象因子进行输入回归,建立休眠期各阶段枣树茎流速率和气象因子的多元线性回归模型,经过回归系数和相关系数检验,多元线性回归方程均达到了显著水平。【结论】2018年和2019年盛果期灰枣在跨年休眠期内的耗水量占全年总耗水量的22.19%和23.31%。休眠期内对枣树茎流速率影响最显著的气象因子是空气湿度。
英文摘要	【Objective】A jujube orchard about 6.67 hm2 was selected in the South Industrial Park of Aksu, Xinjiang, for this study. The jujube trees were planted in 2000. Because the jujube trees in this area are mostly flood irrigated, a lot of water is lost due to evaporation and soil leakage. The evapotranspiration of jujube is mainly composed of transpiration and soil evaporation. In order to prevent the evaporation and soil leakage, micro sprinkler irrigation was used in this study. Through the fixed-point monitoring of stem flow rate of mature jujube trees for two consecutive years, the water consumption of mature jujube trees in the growth and dormancy period was accurately measured, which provided a theoretical basis for high-efficiency water-saving irrigation for mature jujube trees.【Methods】In this experiment, three healthy mature gray jujube trees with similar vigor were randomly selected in the orchard. The stem flow was monitored with thermal diffusion probe method. The probes of 3 tree species were located at the same height and the distance between two probes on each tree was the same. The heating probe was 40 cm from the ground, and the other probe 12 cm above the heating probe, which was fixed by foam board, wrapped with reflective and heat-insulating film, and the top of the probe was wrapped adhesive tape to protect the sensors from the downward water flow along the stem. The correlation between the stem flow rate and meteorological factors during the dormancy period was analyzed, and multiple linear regression models of stem flow rate against meteorological factors were established.【Results 】Based on the analysis of stem flow, it was found that the sap flow still occurred in the dormancy period, and there were great differences in start-up time, maximum increase range, maximum decrease range, peak value and diurnal variation pattern of stem flow. The sap flow activity of mature jujube trees was obvious at night during dormancy period, which fluctuated in the range of 50-490 mL·h~(-1). The peak range of stem flow rate varied with stages of dormancy, and the peak value of stem flow rate shifted from 7:00-10:00 in C1, C2 and C3 stages to 10:00-13:00 in C4 and C5 stages. The peak value of stem flow rate fluctuated between 7:00 and 12:00, and it was higher in the early dormancy stage (C1) and dormancy breaking stage (C5), and lowest in mild dormancy stage (C3). The daily cumulative water consumption in dormancy period decreased first and then increased, which was opposite to that in the growth stage. Daily cumulative water consumption was 4.99 L in C1 stage, 4.22 L in C2 stage, 4.00 L in C3 stage, 4.88 L in C4 stage, and 5.53 L in C5 stage in the season of 2018-2019; and 5.23 L, 4.99 L, 4.01 L, 4.91 L and 5.19 L in the corresponding stages in the season of 2019-2020. The correlation coefficients between stem flow rate and air humidity were 0.770, 0.818, 0.660, 0.549 and 0.769** for C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 stages, respectively. The correlation degree between stem flow rate and meteorological factors was in the order of air humidity > air temperature > solar radiation in C1, C2 and C3 stages, and was air temperature > air humidity > solar radiation in C4 stage. The multiple linear regression models of jujube stem flow rate and meteorological factors in dormancy period were established. The regression coefficient and correlation coefficient test showed that the multiple linear regression equation reached significant level.【Conclusion】The ratio of water consumption of mature jujube trees in dormancy period to the total water consumption of the whole year was 22.19% to 23.31%. Air humidity was the most significant meteorological factor affecting stem flow rate during dormancy period.
中文关键词	灰枣 ; 液流 ; 休眠期 ; 耗水量
英文关键词	Ziziphus jujubaHuizao' Stem flow Dormancy period Water consumption
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6989335
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/365111
作者单位	张洋, 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830052, 中国.; 马英杰, 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830052, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张洋,马英杰. 西北干旱区盛果期灰枣休眠期液流研究[J],2021,38(6):1009-9980.
APA	张洋,&马英杰.(2021).西北干旱区盛果期灰枣休眠期液流研究.果树学报,38(6),1009-9980.
MLA	张洋,et al."西北干旱区盛果期灰枣休眠期液流研究".果树学报 38.6(2021):1009-9980.