干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 基于树轮的塔里木河下游生态输水对胡杨生长特征影响研究

Arid

	基于树轮的塔里木河下游生态输水对胡杨生长特征影响研究
其他题名	Effects of ecological water conveyance on the growth characteristics of Populus euphtatica in the lower reaches of Tarim River based on tree-rings
	周洪华; 陈亚鹏; 杨玉海; 朱成刚
来源期刊	干旱区地理
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2021
卷号	44 期号:3 页码:1000-6060
中文摘要	采用树木年轮和稳定同位素技术,分析了20002015年生态输水对塔里木河下游胡杨树木轮宽指数和树轮稳定碳同位素比率(delta~(13)C)的影响,探讨了生态输水与胡杨生长的关系。研究结果表明:(1)胡杨生长与生态输水量有着密切关系。受生态输水影响,塔里木河下游上段英苏断面胡杨轮宽指数和树轮delta~(13)C经历了3个阶段:在最初前4 a(20002003年)的输水过程中,胡杨生长响应十分敏感,胡杨轮宽指数和树轮delta~(13)C呈增加趋势,其平均值分别为1.52和-26.70;但在2004 2009年,随着生态输水量的逐渐减少,胡杨轮宽指数和树轮delta~(13)C逐渐下降,分别较20002003年平均减少了28.83%和2.41%;当20102015年生态输水重新稳定后,胡杨轮宽指数和树轮delta~(13)C也逐渐增加并趋于稳定。(2)输水时间与胡杨生长有着密切关系。胡杨生长与生长年(前一年9月当年8月)、生长季(48月)和前一生长年(前一年4月当年3月)生态输水相关性最高,与自然年(1 12月)生态输水相关性不显著。其中,2008年自然年(112月)没有下泄生态水,2009年(112月)虽然有输水,但因2009年生长季、生长年和前一生长年均没有生态水补给,导致胡杨轮宽指数和树轮delta~(13)C在2009年降至20002015年的最低值,分别为0.76和-27.50,较2003年分别降低了61.18%和3.14%。(3)根据研究结果,推导出生态输水促进胡杨生长的作用机理:塔里木河下游的生态输水有效抬升了地下水位,改善了胡杨生长的水分环境,提升了胡杨水分利用效率,从而增加光合累积产物,最终促进了树木的生长。但生态输水对地下水埋深、胡杨生长的影响具有滞后效应,滞后时间约为1 a。为维持荒漠河岸林的有效恢复与重建,建议塔里木河下游生态输水最好在植物生长季实施。
英文摘要	Water is a decisive factor limiting plant growth and development in extremely arid areas. Although numerous studies on the relationship between water resources and plants in the lower reaches of Tarim River, Xinjiang, China have been published, most of them focused on short time changes in the physiological or biochemical characteristics of individual plants, plant diversity, or normalized differential vegetation index. Thus, the relationship between long-term plant growth characteristics and water resources must be examined further. In this study, the responses of the long-term growth characteristics of Populus euphratica to ecological water conveyance from 2000 to 2015 in the lower reaches of Tarim River were analyzed using the tree-ring width chronology and stable carbon isotope (delta~(13)C) characteristics of the species. Results showed that: (1) P. euphratica growth was significantly related to the amount of ecological water conveyance, and the tree-ring width chronology and delta~(13)C values of P. euphratica in Yingsu indicated three stages. Specifically, tree growth was very sensitive to ecological water conveyance in 20002003, and the main tree-ring width chronology and delta~(13)C values of P. euphratica in this period were 1.52 and -26.70, respectively. When ecological water conveyance was reduced in 20042009, the mean tree-ring width chronology and delta~(13)C values of the species decreased by 28.83% and 2.41%, respectively. The values of these indices remained stable when the ecological water conveyance amount was increased and maintained in 20102015. (2) P. euphratica growth was closely related to the ecological water conveyance time, especially in terms of growth year (from previous September to current August), growth season (from April to August), and previous growth year (from previous April to current March). However, plant growth was not significantly related to ecological water conveyance of the calendar year (from January to December). Because no ecological water conveyance was conducted in the growth season, growth year, and previous growth year of 2009 or in the growth seasons of 20062009, the tree-ring width chronology and delta~(13)C values of P. euphratica of 2009 were lowest in 20002015. The tree-ring-width chronology and delta~(13)C values of P. euphratica in 2009 decreased by 61.18% and 3.14% compared with those in 2003, respectively. (3) Ecological water conveyance decreased the groundwater depth and improved the water environment of P. euphratica, thereby enhancing the water use efficiency, accumulated photosynthetic production, and growth of the trees. However, a 1-year lag effect between ecological water conveyance, groundwater depth, and P. euphratica growth was also observed. Therefore, ecological water conveyance should be implemented during the plant growth period in the lower reaches of Tarim River to restore and reconstruct the desert riparian forest effectively.
中文关键词	生态输水 ; 轮宽指数 ; 稳定碳同位素 ; 地下水埋深 ; 胡杨
英文关键词	ecological water conveyance tree-ring width chronology stable carbon isotope groundwater depth Populus euphtatica
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Forestry
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6983208
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/365021
作者单位	周洪华, 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国.; 陈亚鹏, 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国.; 杨玉海, 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国.; 朱成刚, 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周洪华,陈亚鹏,杨玉海,等. 基于树轮的塔里木河下游生态输水对胡杨生长特征影响研究[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2021,44(3):1000-6060.
APA	周洪华,陈亚鹏,杨玉海,&朱成刚.(2021).基于树轮的塔里木河下游生态输水对胡杨生长特征影响研究.干旱区地理,44(3),1000-6060.
MLA	周洪华,et al."基于树轮的塔里木河下游生态输水对胡杨生长特征影响研究".干旱区地理 44.3(2021):1000-6060.