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DOI	10.3390/en14165094
	Investigation of Energy Consumption and Associated CO2 Emissions for Wheat-Rice Crop Rotation Farming
	Ashraf, Muhammad N.; Mahmood, Muhammad H.; Sultan, Muhammad; Shamshiri, Redmond R.; Ibrahim, Sobhy M.
通讯作者	Mahmood, MH ; Sultan, M (corresponding author), Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Dept Agr Engn, Multan 60800, Pakistan. ; Shamshiri, RR (corresponding author), Leibniz Inst Agr Engn & Bioecon, Dept Engn Crop Prod, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany.
来源期刊	ENERGIES
EISSN	1996-1073
出版年	2021
卷号	14 期号:16
英文摘要	This study investigates the input-output energy-flow patterns and CO2 emissions from the wheat-rice crop rotation system. In this regard, an arid region of Punjab, Pakistan was selected as the study area, comprising 4150 km(2). Farmers were interviewed to collect data and information on input/output sources during the 2020 work season. The total energy from these sources was calculated using appropriate energy equivalents. Three energy indices, including energy use efficiency (eta(e)), energy productivity (eta(p)), and net energy (rho), were defined and calculated to investigate overall energy efficiency. Moreover, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique was used to optimize the input energy in wheat and rice production. Finally, CO2 emissions was calculated using emissions equivalents from peer-reviewed published literature. Results showed that the average total energy consumption in rice production was twice the energy consumed in wheat production. However, the values of eta(e), eta(p), and rho were higher in wheat production and calculated as 5.68, 202.3 kg/GJ, and 100.12 GJ/ha, respectively. The DEA showed the highest reduction potential in machinery energy for both crops, calculated as -42.97% in rice production and -17.48% in wheat production. The highest CO2 emissions were found in rice production and calculated as 1762.5 kg-CO2/ha. Our conclusion indicates that energy consumption and CO2 emissions from wheat-rice cropping systems can be minimized using optimized energy inputs.
英文关键词	cereal production crop rotation energy analysis DEA CO2 emissions
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000689217300001
WOS关键词	GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS ; INPUT-OUTPUT ; PRODUCTION SYSTEMS ; ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS ; USE EFFICIENCY ; USE PATTERN ; CANTERBURY ; MANAGEMENT ; PROVINCE ; AGRICULTURE
WOS类目	Energy & Fuels
WOS研究方向	Energy & Fuels
来源机构	King Saud University
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/363070
作者单位	[Ashraf, Muhammad N.; Mahmood, Muhammad H.; Sultan, Muhammad] Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Dept Agr Engn, Multan 60800, Pakistan; [Shamshiri, Redmond R.] Leibniz Inst Agr Engn & Bioecon, Dept Engn Crop Prod, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany; [Ibrahim, Sobhy M.] King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Biochem, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ashraf, Muhammad N.,Mahmood, Muhammad H.,Sultan, Muhammad,et al. Investigation of Energy Consumption and Associated CO2 Emissions for Wheat-Rice Crop Rotation Farming[J]. King Saud University,2021,14(16).
APA	Ashraf, Muhammad N.,Mahmood, Muhammad H.,Sultan, Muhammad,Shamshiri, Redmond R.,&Ibrahim, Sobhy M..(2021).Investigation of Energy Consumption and Associated CO2 Emissions for Wheat-Rice Crop Rotation Farming.ENERGIES,14(16).
MLA	Ashraf, Muhammad N.,et al."Investigation of Energy Consumption and Associated CO2 Emissions for Wheat-Rice Crop Rotation Farming".ENERGIES 14.16(2021).