干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Iron Age Transformations at Mmadipudi Hill, Botswana: Identifying Spatial Organization Through Electromagnetic Induction Survey

Arid

DOI	10.1007/s10437-016-9213-3
	Iron Age Transformations at Mmadipudi Hill, Botswana: Identifying Spatial Organization Through Electromagnetic Induction Survey
	Klehm, Carla E.; Ernenwein, Eileen G.
通讯作者	Klehm, CE (corresponding author), Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Campus Box 1114,One Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
来源期刊	AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW
ISSN	0263-0338
EISSN	1572-9842
出版年	2016
卷号	33 期号:1 页码:45-59
英文摘要	Mmadipudi Hill (CE 550-1200) is an Iron Age site in east-central Botswana approximately 3 km west of Bosutswe, a major Iron Age trade center at the eastern edge of the Kalahari Desert. A 5,000-m(2) electromagnetic induction (EMI) survey conducted in 2011 revealed a cattle post arranged in the Central Cattle Pattern, including a central animal kraal with at least three clusters of houses flanking the eastern edge. A test trench confirmed the presence of a Taukome daga structure, possibly a house, 100-150 cm in depth. The EMI survey is one of, if not the first, archaeogeophysical surveys conducted in Botswana. It has proven invaluable as a means to understand the settlement organization and to pinpoint excavations to gain a more detailed understanding of the material culture. The perspective it offered on thorn brush fencing would not have been possible through excavation alone. Although small in scope, the test excavation yielded Taukome and Toutswe artifacts related to the larger sets of issues the Bosutswe region faced as Indian Ocean trade transformed the local political economy. The nature of the relationships between Bosutswe and its surrounding communities likely evolved due to the rise of a prestige goods economy, growing inequality, and environmental degradation around CE 1200. The occupation at Mmadipudi Hill would have immediately preceded these changes. By determining the spatial organization of Mmadipudi Hill, this article begins a crucial first step towards exploring what the local settlement pattern looked like prior to CE 1200 and understanding what the relationships among sites may have been.
英文关键词	Magnetic susceptibility Geophysics Iron Age Southern Africa Central Cattle Pattern Indian Ocean trade
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	AHCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000373311000004
WOS关键词	GLASS-BEADS ; ICP-MS ; BOSUTSWE ; TRADE ; EAST
WOS类目	Anthropology ; Archaeology
WOS研究方向	Anthropology ; Archaeology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/361635
作者单位	[Klehm, Carla E.] Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Campus Box 1114,One Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA; [Ernenwein, Eileen G.] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Geosci, POB 70300, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Klehm, Carla E.,Ernenwein, Eileen G.. Iron Age Transformations at Mmadipudi Hill, Botswana: Identifying Spatial Organization Through Electromagnetic Induction Survey[J],2016,33(1):45-59.
APA	Klehm, Carla E.,&Ernenwein, Eileen G..(2016).Iron Age Transformations at Mmadipudi Hill, Botswana: Identifying Spatial Organization Through Electromagnetic Induction Survey.AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW,33(1),45-59.
MLA	Klehm, Carla E.,et al."Iron Age Transformations at Mmadipudi Hill, Botswana: Identifying Spatial Organization Through Electromagnetic Induction Survey".AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW 33.1(2016):45-59.