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	ESCA EIUS ERANT LOCUSTAE THE ORIGIN AND MEANING OF THE IMAGINARY QUADRUPED LOCUSTA
	Sedinova, Hana
通讯作者	Sedinova, H (corresponding author), Kabinet Pro Klasicka Studia FLU AV CR, Vvi, Florenci 3, Prague 11000 1, Czech Republic.
来源期刊	LISTY FILOLOGICKE
ISSN	0024-4457
出版年	2015
卷号	138 期号:3-4 页码:231-268
英文摘要	The study deals with the term locusta which is used in ancient and medieval Latin texts (e.g. in the encyclopaedia De natura rerum written by Thomas of Cantimpre in the 13th century) with two meanings, denoting two different animals: the locust, which was categorised as a worm (vermis), and the lobster, which was seen as an aquatic animal (piscis, animal aquaticum). The same meanings are associated with the terms locusta or locustus in Czech medieval sources written in Latin: the Glossary by the 14th century writer Bartholomaeus de Solencia, also known as Claretus, the work Liber viginti arcium by the 15th century encyclopaedist Paulerinus, and the encyclopaedic dictionary Vocabularius dictus Lactifer composed by the priest Iohannes Aquensis at the turn of the 16th century. The word locusta, however, occurs in several works of the Bohemian Middle Ages with yet another meaning denoting the sweet-smelling lemon balm or the sweet-tasting tree leaves sucked by bees to produce honey; John the Baptist is said to have used the leaves as food when dwelling in the desert. Here, again, we can trace the influence of Thomas of Cantimpre, who claims in one passage of his encyclopaedia that some authors regard the term locusta as a name of a plant and believe John the Baptist ate this plant in the desert. Surprisingly, this assertion can be found in Book IV which is dedicated to quadrupeds, namely in the chapter focusing on the terrestrial animal named locusta. This chapter from Thomas' work influenced probably also Claretus' Glossary which contains an unidentified term locuna in the chapter on animals (De bestiis). The study discusses the possible reasons that might have convinced Thomas of Cantimpre to classify locusta not only as an insect or as a fish, but also as a terrestrial quadruped. Thomas of Cantimpre was probably inspired by Jacques de Vitry's account of creatures which were consumed by John the Baptist in the desert, by Leviticus which lists the name locusta among winged animals that walk on all fours, by St. Augustine's Confessiones, by the commentary Glossa ordinaria and other sources. Its faulty classification was crowned by contamination with information from the commentaries on Proverbs about the hyrax - a quadruped known under the name lepusculus. As a result of misunderstanding, the animal named locusta in his book De quadrupedibus gained new qualities and was transformed into completely different creature.
英文关键词	medieval Latin lexicography ancient and medieval zoology locust lobster locusta Thomas of Cantimpre Jacques de Vitry Bartholomaeus de Solencia Claretus Albert the Great diet of John the Baptist lepusculus Eucherius of Lyon Aristoteles Latinus
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	AHCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000370996700002
WOS类目	Humanities, Multidisciplinary ; Classics
WOS研究方向	Arts & Humanities - Other Topics ; Classics
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/361467
作者单位	[Sedinova, Hana] Kabinet Pro Klasicka Studia FLU AV CR, Vvi, Florenci 3, Prague 11000 1, Czech Republic
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sedinova, Hana. ESCA EIUS ERANT LOCUSTAE THE ORIGIN AND MEANING OF THE IMAGINARY QUADRUPED LOCUSTA[J],2015,138(3-4):231-268.
APA	Sedinova, Hana.(2015).ESCA EIUS ERANT LOCUSTAE THE ORIGIN AND MEANING OF THE IMAGINARY QUADRUPED LOCUSTA.LISTY FILOLOGICKE,138(3-4),231-268.
MLA	Sedinova, Hana."ESCA EIUS ERANT LOCUSTAE THE ORIGIN AND MEANING OF THE IMAGINARY QUADRUPED LOCUSTA".LISTY FILOLOGICKE 138.3-4(2015):231-268.

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