Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 项目编号 | 1020652 |
| Bioactive Natural Products for Agriculture and Medicine from Arid Land Plants and Microorganisms | |
| Molnar, Istvan | |
| 主持机构 | SAES - UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA |
| 开始日期 | 2019 |
| 结束日期 | 2024 |
| 资助机构 | US-NIFA（美国食品与农业研究所） |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 国家 | 美国 |
| 中文简介 | 1180 - Pharmacology |
| 英文简介 | Goals / Objectives This proposed project involves the following research objectives:Screen arid-land plants and microorganisms for the presence of bioactive compounds;Conduct bioassay-directed fractionation of extracts with demonstrated biological activity and elucidate the structures of bioactive NPs;Characterize and manipulate the biosynthesis of selected bioactive NPs;Further develop alternative agricultural systems, especially aeroponics system for plant cultivation, and for the production and structural diversification of plant-derived NPs of economic importance;Produce analogues of major NPs by chemical transformations and microbial biotransformations;Produce novel unnatural natural products (uNPs) by combinatorial synthetic microbiology;Evaluate promising lead NPs and their analogues with collaborators in other University of Arizona departments and colleges, other academic institutions, government agencies, and private industry;Evaluate plant-based antimicrobials including plant extracts, essential oils and their active components against E. coli O157:H7, S. enterica, and L. monocytogenes in vitro and on produce;Test whether application of tailocins to spinach and lettuce prevents colonization by E. coli O157:H7;Characterize Pseudomonas strains for the ability to produce tailocins that are effective against E. coli O157:H7, S. enterica and L. monocytogenes.Project Methods Natural product extracts will be prepared from plant collection materials and microbial cultures using standard natural product chemistry techniques as described under Procedures. Bioactivities will be determined using standard assays at the Southwest Center for Natural Product Research or at collaborators' laboratories. Bioactive natural products will be isolated by various chromatography procedures for bioassay-guided fractionation, and pure compounds will be isolated by preparative HPLC. Compound structures will be determined by various spectroscopic techniques. Natural product derivatives will be prepared by standard medicinal chemistry procedures. Aeroponic cultivation of plants will be performed as we described earlier. Biosynthetic gene clusters will be isolated by PCR of diagnostic regions, or by bioinformatic searches in genome sequence databases. Biosynthetic genes will be prepared by PCR, or by custom gene synthesis. Traditional genetic recombinant DNA cloning techniques as well as modern in vivo recombination techniques will be used for cloning genes or gene clusters into appropriate vectors, and these will be introduced into appropriate expression hosts such as E. coli or S. cerevisiae. Combinations of biosynthetic gene clusters, and hybrid biosynthetic genes will be prepared as we described earlier. Unnatural natural products will be detected and isolated similar to that of natural products.Natural antimicrobials including plant extracts, essential oils and their active components, and bacteriocins (tailocins) and other NPs and uNPs will be evaluated against E. coli O157:H7, S. enterica Newport and L. monocytogenes on leafy greens and melons. Some of the novel compounds will initially be tested against three foodborne pathogens including E. coli O157:H7, S. enterica and L. monocytogenes in vitro. The most promising compounds will then be used for the washing of produce post-harvest, while the tailocins will be applied to the produce pre-harvest. The artificially inoculated pathogen population will be analyzed before and after treatment to determine the efficacy of the natural antimicrobials and bacteriocins in inactivating pathogens. Appropriate controls washed in deionized water or chlorine will be included. Data analysis will be performed on all experiments using a statistical software package. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be performed on mean surviving bacteria from each treatment and control.Significant differences between controls and treatments will be analyzed. |
| 英文关键词 | natural products secondary metabolites essential oils bacteriocins leafy greens food safety melons salmonella enterica escherichia coli o157:h7 lysteria monocytogenes drug discovery anticancer compounds antibiotics polyketide combinatorial biosynthesis |
| 来源学科分类 | 1180 - Pharmacology |
| 资源类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/356133 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Molnar, Istvan.Bioactive Natural Products for Agriculture and Medicine from Arid Land Plants and Microorganisms.2019. |
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