Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 项目编号 | 1018692 |
| Evolution and Spatial Phylogenetics of the Texas Biota | |
| Spalink, Daniel | |
| 主持机构 | SAES - TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY |
| 开始日期 | 2019 |
| 结束日期 | 2024 |
| 资助机构 | US-NIFA（美国食品与农业研究所） |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 国家 | 美国 |
| 中文简介 | 2060 - Geography |
| 英文简介 | Goals / Objectives Objective 1: I will analyze the phylogenetics, correlates of diversification, and population genetics of plant lineages to understand the evolution of species niches and biogeography. This research will help to determine how plant lineages have diverged, migrated, interacted with other organisms, and responded to historical environmental changes.Objective 2: To improve our understanding of species distributions in Texas, I will initiate a citizen- science effort to ensure that all plant species from all Texas counties are vouchered and preserved in Texas herbaria. This project will establish a baseline for understanding how species distributions have changed in the past and may be expected to change in the future.Objective 3: To ensure that herbarium records are accessible and useful for researchers around the world, we will digitize all specimens housed in the S.M. Tracy Herbarium that were collected in Texas. Digitization has transformed herbaria into big-data hosts and reinvented their utility for understanding taxonomy, species distributions, and global change.Objective 4: In collaboration with entomologists, ornithologists, herpetologists, and zoologists, we will document the spatial structure of biotic diversity in forests throughout Texas. This will inform further studies on the interactions between floristic, faunistic, and phylogenetic diversity across heterogenous landscapes.Project Methods Objective 1: This objective will incorporate fieldwork, morphological analysis, DNA sequencing and analysis, historical climatic and edaphic niche reconstructions, and historical biogeographical analyses. Data generated through this work will include herbarium specimen vouchers, sequence data from hundreds of nuclear genes from dozens of species, chromosome count and genome size data, quantitative and geometric morphometric datasets, shapefiles of species distributions, and phylogenies. These datasets will be analyzed using standard phylogenetic comparative methods.Objective 2: Specimen vouchers are fundamental to documenting the distribution of organisms and their morphological, genetic, and ecological variability through time and space. We have generated lists of species believed to be present in each county of Texas, and compared this to the corresponding lists of specimens that have been collected in each county. We have found that, while hundreds of thousands of specimens have already been collected throughout the state of Texas, most species from most counties remain unvouchered. We have generated, and are now distributing, these county-level specimen wish lists to state and private agencies and individuals throughout the state.We will offer training sessions and materials to interested parties to facilitate the collection of excellent specimens. We will also incentivize collection by creating a competition to collect and deposit the largest number of new county records each year. As part of this new "Texas Voucher" initiative, we will establish a new DNA bank at the S.M. Tracy Herbarium, with the goal of retaining high-quality tissues of all species currently occurring in Texas. These voucher specimens and DNA samples will be invaluable resources for the scientific and public community.Objective 3: Specimen digitization has transformed herbaria around the world into generators and hosts of big-data. In collaboration with 43 institutions throughout the United States, we have initiated a program to fully georeference and digitize over 1.8 million species that have been collected and preserved in Texas and Oklahoma. As no other region in the United States has a greater paucity of digitized specimens, this project will fill an important gap for researchers around the world. Data from the digitized specimens will be distributed to the public through the iDigBio portal.Objective 4: In collaboration with a team of researchers at Texas A&M University, this project will leverage the data housed at three facilities on campus: the S.M. Tracy Herbarium (>350K specimens), the Texas A&M University Insect Collection (>2.7M specimens), and the Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections (>1M vertebrate specimens). Phylogenetic trees will be constructed for all lineages present in Texas based on publicly available or newly generated data. Functional trait data will be gathered from the literature and the expertise of collaborators. These data will then be integrated with spatial data related to the geologic, edaphic, and climatic heterogeneity of Texas to test a series of hypotheses regarding the expected structure of biotic diversity throughout the state. This project will also identify communities in Texas that are exceptionally diverse, rare, or unique and will serve as a guide for targeting important geographic regions as conservation priorities. |
| 英文关键词 | biodiversity niche evolution spatial phylogenetics community assembly community turnover lineage diversification |
| 来源学科分类 | 2060 - Geography |
| 资源类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/356123 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Spalink, Daniel.Evolution and Spatial Phylogenetics of the Texas Biota.2019. |
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