Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 项目编号 | 1015054 |
| Regulation of Photosynthetic Processes | |
| Cushman, J | |
| 主持机构 | SAES - UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA |
| 开始日期 | 2018 |
| 结束日期 | 2019 |
| 资助机构 | US-NIFA（美国食品与农业研究所） |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 国家 | 美国 |
| 中文简介 | 1060 - Biology (whole systems) |
| 英文简介 | Goals / Objectives Develop strategies to overcome limitations to photosynthetic productivity caused by developmental and environmental factors.Project Methods The specific methods and approaches are to:1) Evaluate the field performance of mega-CAM prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica and two related species) under three different irrigation regimes at the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension (UNCE) field laboratory in Logandale, Nevada. The approach will be to conduct replicated field trials of three high biomass producing mega-CAM species. Above ground tissue types will be sampled including cladodes (pads or stem sections) and fruit (tunas) to assess the annual productivity of three different species: Opuntia ficus-indica, Nopolea cochenillifera, and Opuntia streptocantha. These three species were selected because they are spineless and because of their superior biomass productivity from among 14 different species or varieties of prickly pear cactus surveyed under greenhouse conditions over a two-year period.2) Evaluate the food, forage, and biomass potential for field-grown mega-CAM prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica and two related species) for southern Nevada and semi-arid regions of the desert southwest. The approach will be to examine desirable food uses for young field-grown cladodes and fruit, evaluate the forage qualities of the mature, field-grown cladodes using standardized forage analyses, and determine difference in biomass qualities of mature, field grown cladodes at different developmental stages. The purpose is to explore the suitability of cladodes for local food, forage, and biomass markets with the long-term goal of establishing prickly pear cactus as a locally produced crop to enhance local economic development opportunities.The predictive Environmental Productivity Index (EPI) models will be based on empirical laboratory measurements of nocturnal malic acid accumulation (as a measure of CAM derived from titratable acidity measurements) in response to changes in available soil moisture, measurements of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and temperature. Light response curves for Oficus-indica plants will be conducted under controlled conditions by measuring photosynthetic gas exchange over 24 h time periods after acclimation to each light level. Levels of PAR will include photon flux densities (PPFDs) of approximately 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, and 1250 µmol photons m-2 s-1.3) Provide educational outreach about the project by creating a project website, publishing one or more extension bulletins or fact sheets about the project, conducting on-site extension tours, and developing a one-day workshop to be presented in years 3-5 of the project to heighten public awareness about the project. The approach will be to generate a website describing the project objectives, conduct on-site field tours, and present a one-day workshop once per year in years 3-5 of the project. These outreach activities will help to introduce farmers, stakeholders and the general public to the food, forage, and biomass potential of Opuntia and related species for stimulating the economic diversification of agricultural enterprises in Nevada. |
| 英文关键词 | crassulacean acid metabolism, water-use efficiency, renewable energy, prickley pear cactus opuntia ficus-indica, bioenergy |
| 来源学科分类 | 1060 - Biology (whole systems) |
| 资源类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/356099 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Cushman, J.Regulation of Photosynthetic Processes.2018. |
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