干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 辽西半干旱区玉米大豆间作模式对作物干物质积累分配、产量及土地生产力的影响

Arid

	辽西半干旱区玉米大豆间作模式对作物干物质积累分配、产量及土地生产力的影响
其他题名	Dry Matter Accumulation, Allocation, Yield and Productivity of Maize- Soybean Intercropping Systems in the Semi-Arid Region of Western Liaoning Province
	蔡倩; 孙占祥; 郑家明; 王文斌; 白伟; 冯良山; 杨宁; 向午燕; 张哲; 冯晨
来源期刊	中国农业科学
ISSN	0578-1752
出版年	2021
卷号	54 期号:5 页码:0578-1752
中文摘要	【目的】通过分析玉米大豆间作模式作物干物质积累与分配规律及种间竞争关系,探讨玉米大豆间作的增产机理,提出适合辽西半干旱区的最优玉米大豆间作模式。【方法】试验于2018-2019年在国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站进行,采用田间试验方法,设置2行玉米2行大豆间作(MS2:2)、4行玉米4行大豆间作(MS4:4)、6行玉米6行大豆间作(MS6:6)、玉米单作(M)、大豆单作(S)等5种种植模式,研究作物的干物质积累分配特点、种间竞争力及其对产量和土地生产力的影响。【结果】3种间作模式均提高了玉米拔节期和灌浆期的干物质积累量,比单作玉米分别增加16.58%-20.32%和51.29% -52.56%;间作对大豆分枝期和鼓粒期的干物质积累影响较小,但分枝期MS2:2间作模式干物质积累量显著低于单作大豆。玉米干物质分配比率拔节期叶大于茎,灌浆期穗大于茎、叶,且3种间作模式穗的分配比率比单作玉米增加23.22%-31.70%;大豆干物质分配比率分枝期茎大于叶,鼓粒期茎、叶大于荚果,MS2:2和MS4:4间作模式大豆荚果分配比率比单作大豆分别降低19.30%、17.22%,MS6:6间作模式与单作大豆差异不显著。间作模式下玉米比大豆表现出了更强的种间竞争力(Ams>0)和产量营养竞争比率(CRms>1)。MS6:6和MS4:4间作模式土地当量比LER分别为1.16、1.07,土地生产力提高7%-16%,具有显著的间作优势;MS2:2间作模式土地当量比为0.97,具有间作劣势。【结论】玉米大豆间作模式土地生产能力的提高主要是通过改变作物干物质积累分配及种间竞争关系实现,MS6:6和MS4:4间作模式优势明显。表现最佳的是MS6:6间作模式,该模式能够显著提高土地生产力,在当地农业生产中具有很好的应用价值。
英文摘要	【Objective】The study investigated the mechanism of overyielding in maize-soybean intercropping systems and optimized maize-soybean intercropping configurations in semi-arid western Liaoning province by analyzing the dry matter accumulation and allocation of crops and the competition relationship between species in maize-soybean intercropping systems.【Method】The experiment was carried out in 2018-2019 at National Agricultural Environmental Station for Agricultural Environment in Fuxin. The cropping systems were: maize-soybean strip intercropping with 2 rows of maize and 2 rows of soybean (MS2:2), maize-soybean strip intercropping with 4 rows of maize and 4 rows of soybean (MS4:4), maize-soybean strip intercropping with 6 rows of maize and 6 rows of soybean (MS6:6), sole maize (M) and sole soybean (S). The dry matter accumulation and allocation of crops, interspecies competitiveness and its impact on crop yields and land productivity were analyzed. 【Result】The dry matter of intercropped maize in all the 3 intercropping systems in jointing and grain filling stages was increased by 16.58%-20.32% and 51.29%-52.56%, respectively, compared with that of the sole maize system. The effect of intercropping on the dry matter accumulation of soybean in the branching and grain filling stages was not significant, however the dry matter of soybean in the MS2:2 intercrop in the branching stage was significantly lower than that of sole stands. The dry matter allocation ratio of maize leaf in jointing stage was greater than that of stem, and the ratio of maize ear in filling stage was greater than that of maize stem and leaf. The allocation ratio of intercropped maize ear was 23.22%-31.70% higher than that of sole maize. The dry matter allocation ratio of soybean stem in branching stage was greater than leaf, and the ratio of soybean stem and leaf in grain filling stage was greater than that pod. The allocation ratios of intercropped soybean pod in MS2:2 and MS 4:4 were 19.30% and 17.22% lower than that of soled soybean, while the ratio under MS6:6 was only 6.1% (not significant) lower than that of soled soybean. Maize had a stronger interspecific competitiveness (AMS>0) and yield nutrition competition ratio (CRMS>1) than soybean in intercropping systems. MS6:6 and MS4:4 intercropping systems had significant land use advantages and the land equivalent ratio (LER) were 1.16 and 1.07, respectively, indicating that intercropping increased the land productivity by 7%-16%. MS2:2 intercropping system didn't have a significant land use advantages, and the LER was 0.97【. Conclusion】The maize-soybean intercropping systems affected crop yield and land productivity by changing dry matter accumulation and allocation ratios and interspecific competition. Intercropping systems with wider strip width had a more significant yield advantage. MS6:6 intercropping systems performed the best, which significantly improved the land productivity and might be an option of cropping system in maintaining regional agricultural sustainability.
中文关键词	玉米 ; 大豆 ; 种植模式 ; 干物质积累与分配 ; 种间竞争 ; 产量 ; 土地当量比(LER)
英文关键词	maize soybean planting configuration accumulation and allocation of dry matter interspecific competition yield land equivalent ratio (LER)
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6949446
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/354572
作者单位	蔡倩, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 孙占祥, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 郑家明, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 白伟, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 冯良山, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 杨宁, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 向午燕, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 张哲, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 冯晨, 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, ;;国家农业环境阜新科学观测实验站, 沈阳;;阜新, ;;辽宁 110161;;123100.; 王文斌, 辽宁省农业科学院作物研究所, 沈阳, 辽宁 110161, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	蔡倩,孙占祥,郑家明,等. 辽西半干旱区玉米大豆间作模式对作物干物质积累分配、产量及土地生产力的影响[J],2021,54(5):0578-1752.
APA	蔡倩.,孙占祥.,郑家明.,王文斌.,白伟.,...&冯晨.(2021).辽西半干旱区玉米大豆间作模式对作物干物质积累分配、产量及土地生产力的影响.中国农业科学,54(5),0578-1752.
MLA	蔡倩,et al."辽西半干旱区玉米大豆间作模式对作物干物质积累分配、产量及土地生产力的影响".中国农业科学 54.5(2021):0578-1752.