干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 极端干旱区降解膜对棉田耗水、籽棉产量及水分利用的影响

Arid

	极端干旱区降解膜对棉田耗水、籽棉产量及水分利用的影响
其他题名	Effects of degradation film on water consumption,cotton yield and water utilization of cotton field in extreme arid areas
	丁宏伟; 王振华; 李文昊; 张金珠; 温越; 贾浩; 邹杰
来源期刊	干旱地区农业研究
ISSN	1000-7601
出版年	2021
卷号	39 期号:1 页码:41-48
中文摘要	为探明降解膜在极端干旱区滴灌棉花的应用效果,设置4种不同类型的降解膜(黑色氧化生物双降解膜M1、白色氧化生物双降解膜M2、黑色全生物降解膜M3及白色全生物降解膜M4),以普通塑料地膜为对照(CK)开展试验,分析降解膜的降解情况、棉田耗水规律、株高、茎粗、叶面积指数、单株干物质累积量,籽棉产量及水分利用效率。结果表明:M2降解效果最好,覆膜80 d时开始降解,180 d时与M4存在的地膜残片均≤16 cm~2,M1与M3降解缓慢,生育期末出现≥20 cm的自然裂缝,而普通塑料地膜始终没有降解。生育期内棉田耗水先升后降,花铃期达到最高,苗期各种地膜处理的棉田耗水没有显著差异,花铃期与吐絮期差异显著;降解膜M2处理的棉田耗水量在花铃期比降解膜M1、M3及CK分别高出1.93%、1.95%及5.59%(P<0.05),在吐絮期比降解膜M1 、M3及CK分别高出4.79%、4.50%及6.22%(P<0.05);M4仅次于M2,且没有显著差异。苗期各种地膜处理的棉花生长差异较小,蕾期和花铃期差异较大,蕾期各种降解膜处理的棉花株高较CK低2.30% ~ 15.63%、叶面积指数低11.59% ~ 31.31%,单株干物质积累量低1.84% ~ 11.48%;花铃期降解膜M2处理棉花生长最好,茎粗比其他降解膜及CK大0.83%~15.19%,叶面积指数大1.09%~16.09%,单株干物质积累量大0.20%~ 13.99%;降解膜M2的籽棉产量比降解膜M1、M3及M4分别高7.33%、13.53%及9.50%,比CK低2.05%;降解膜M1、M2、M3 及M4的棉田水分利用效率分别比CK低11.08%、7.28%、16.82%及14.56%,M2的产量及水分利用效率仅次于CK,差异不显著。因此降解膜M2替代普通塑料地膜用于极端干旱区棉花种植实践是可行的。
英文摘要	To ascertain the application effect of biodegradable film forcotton in extreme arid areas,we set up four different types of biodegradable film(black oxidation-biobidual degradation film,M1;white oxidation-bibididization film,M2;black whole biodegradable membrane,M3;and white full biological degradation film,M4) as experimental group,compared with common plastic film (CK) to carry out the experiment,analyzed the degradation of degradable film,cotton field water consumption,plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,seed cotton yield,and water use efficiency,and systematically revealed the effects of degradation film on water consumption,seed cotton yield,and water use efficiency of cotton field in extremely arid areas.The results showed that M2 had the best degradation effect,at 80 d of mulching,the earliest degradation began;at 180 d of mulching,the plastic film fragments existing in M2 and M4 were ≤16 cm~2;M1 and M3 degraded slowly;at the end of growth,only natural cracks ≥20 cm appeared while the common plastic mulching film had not been degraded all the time.During the growth period,the water consumption of cotton field showed a trend from increasing to decreasing,and the flower-boll period was the highest.There was no significant difference in water consumption of cotton fields treated with various mulching films at the seedling stage,and significant difference between flower-boll stage and boll opening stage.The water consumption of cotton fields treated with degradation film M2 was 1.93%,1.95%,and 5.59% higher than that of degradation film M1,M3,and CK at flower-boll stage (P<0.05),and 4.79%,4.50%,and 6.22% higher than that of degradation film M1,M3,and CK at batting stage (P<0.05).M4 was second only to M2,and there was no significant difference.The growth difference of cotton treated with mulching film at seedling stage was small,and the difference between bud stage and flower and boll stage was large.The plant height,leaf area index,and dry matter accumulation per plant were 2.30% ~ 15.63%,11.59% ~ 31.31%,and 1.84% ~ 11.48%lower than CK,respectively.At the flower-boll stage,the growth of cotton treated with biodegradable film M2 was the best,the stem diameter was 0.83%~ 15.19% higher than that of other biodegradable film and CK,the leaf area index was 1.09%~16.09% higher,and the dry matter accumulation per plant was 0.20%~13.99% higher.The seed cotton yield of degradation film M2 was 7.33%,13.53%,and 9.50% higher than that of degradation film M1,M3,and M4,and 2.05% lower than that of CK.The water use efficiency of cotton field with degradation films M1,M2,M3,and M4 was 11.08%,7.28%,16.82%,and 14.56% lower than that of CK,respectively.The yield and water use efficiency of degradation films M2 was second only to CK,with no significant difference.Therefore,it is feasible to replace common plastic mulch with degradation film M2 for cotton cultivation in extremely arid regions.
中文关键词	极端干旱区 ; 降解膜 ; 耗水规律 ; 棉花 ; 产量 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	extreme arid areas degradable mulch water consumption rule cotton yield water use efficiency
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6903942
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/354242
作者单位	丁宏伟, 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, ;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, 石河子;;石河子, 新疆;;新疆 832000;;832000, 中国. 王振华, 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, ;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, 石河子;;石河子, 新疆;;新疆 832000;;832000, 中国. 李文昊, 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, ;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, 石河子;;石河子, 新疆;;新疆 832000;;832000, 中国. 张金珠, 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, ;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, 石河子;;石河子, 新疆;;新疆 832000;;832000, 中国. 温越, 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, ;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, 石河子;;石河子, 新疆;;新疆 832000;;832000, 中国. 贾浩, 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, ;;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室, 石河子;;石河子, 新疆;;新疆 832000;;832000, 中国. 邹杰, 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院, 石河子, 新疆 832000, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	丁宏伟,王振华,李文昊,等. 极端干旱区降解膜对棉田耗水、籽棉产量及水分利用的影响[J],2021,39(1):41-48.
APA	丁宏伟.,王振华.,李文昊.,张金珠.,温越.,...&邹杰.(2021).极端干旱区降解膜对棉田耗水、籽棉产量及水分利用的影响.干旱地区农业研究,39(1),41-48.
MLA	丁宏伟,et al."极端干旱区降解膜对棉田耗水、籽棉产量及水分利用的影响".干旱地区农业研究 39.1(2021):41-48.