干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 新疆策勒绿洲化进程中典型下垫面的小气候空间差异

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	新疆策勒绿洲化进程中典型下垫面的小气候空间差异
其他题名	Spatial difference of microclimate over typical underlying surface in process of oasisization in Cele,Xinjiang
	曹永香; 毛东雷; 蔡富艳; 王雪梅; 开买尔古丽·阿不来提; 苏松领
来源期刊	中国沙漠
ISSN	1000-694X
出版年	2020
卷号	40 期号:6 页码:180-189
中文摘要	利用2010年10月1日至2011年9月30日新疆策勒8个观测站点的风速、气温、大气相对湿度、太阳辐射能、光合有效辐射(PAR)、风向同步观测气象数据,对比分析不同下垫面的小气候空间差异并探讨其原因。结果表明:(1)草原站、农田1、大县城与热瓦克相比,日均风速在3 m高处分别依次降低了63.88%、65.58%、73.24%,小巴扎在2、4 m高处的日均风速始终最小,绿洲内部的月均风速整体低于绿洲外围。流沙地、半固定沙地、固定沙地的主风向大致以WNW、ESE、W风向为主,风向较稳定, 而其余观测点的风向较分散;(2)在近12个月观测期内,绿洲内部的平均气温低于绿洲外围,且具有明显的冬暖夏凉效应,冬季1月平均气温由低到高依次为流沙地、半固定沙地、固定沙地、农田1、草原站、小巴扎、热瓦克、大县城,分别为-10.39、-10.25、-10.08、-9.56、-9.25、-9 .19、-8.74、-8.71 ℃,夏季8月平均气温由高到低依次为流沙地、半固定沙地、固定沙地、热瓦克、草原站、农田1、小巴扎、大县城,分别为26.55、26.11、25.41 、25.09、24.06、22.89、22.36、22.33 ℃;(3)半固定沙地、固定沙地、热瓦克、草原站、大县城、小巴扎、农田1在2 m高处的日均大气相对湿度与流沙地相比,依次增加了0.29%、6.67%、7.94%、14.37%、 28.99%、30.39%、30.69%,不同下垫面的月均相对湿度空间差异与日均变化的空间差异基本一致;(4)在近12个月的观测期内,太阳辐射能和PAR的变化趋势整体一致,半固定沙地的日均、月均太阳辐射能和PAR始终最高,绿洲-沙漠过渡带的太阳辐射能和PAR整体高于绿洲内部。(5)在春季沙尘暴日,半固定沙地、固定沙地、小巴扎在2 m高处的日平均风速与流沙地相比,分别依次降低了25.75%、27.05%、46.93%,热瓦克、草原站、农田1、大县城的日平均风速依次为3.12 、1.38、1.38、0.93 m·s~(-1)。绿洲内部的平均温湿度、太阳辐射能和PAR整体均大于绿洲外围。绿洲内部绿洲化程度较高,绿洲化对其局地小气候效应强,所以在春季沙尘暴日,绿洲内部增温增湿效果相对较好。绿洲开垦年限越长,植被覆盖度愈大,在夏季其降温增湿的效果越显著。
英文摘要	The comparison and analysis of the wind velocity,air temperature,relative humidity,solar radiation, photo-synthetically active radiation and wind direction at the eight meteorological stations were made based on synchronous observation data in Cele from 1 October,2010 to 30 September,2011.The characteristics of spatial microclimate differences in different underlying surfaces were analyzed and the reasons for variability were discussed.The results showed that:(1)The daily average wind velocity at the height of 3 m in grassland station, farmland 1,and big county station was 65.58%,63.88% and 73.24% less than that in Rewake.The daily average wind velocity at the small bazaar is always the smallest at height of 2 m and 4 m.The monthly average wind velocity inside the oasis is lower than the outside of the oasis.The main wind directions of mobile sandy land,semifixed sandy land,and fixed sandy land are mainly WNW,ESE and W and the wind is relatively stable,while the wind direction at other observation stations is more scattered.(2)During the observation period of nearly 12 months,the average temperature inside the oasis was lower than that outside the oasis,and the effect of warmer in winter and cooler in summer was obvious.The average temperature in January winter from low to high are followed by mobile sandy land,semi-fixed sand,fixed sandy land,farmland1,grassland station,small bazaar, Rewake,big county,respectively-10.39,-10.25,-10.08,-9.56,-9.25,-9.19,-8.74,-8.71 ℃,the average temperature in August summer from high to low in turn into mobile sandy land,semi-fixed sand,fixed sandy land,Rewake,grassland station,farmland1,small bazaar,big county,respectively.Which was 26.55, 26.11,25.41,25.09,24.06,22.89,22.36 and 22.33 ℃.(3)The daily relative humidity of semi-fixed sandy land,fixed sandy land,Rewake,grassland station,big county,small bazaar and farmland1 at the height of 2 m was increased by 0.29%,6.67%,7.94%,14.37%,28.99%,30.39% and 30.69%,respectively,compared with that of mobile sandy land.The spatial difference of the monthly average relative humidity of different underlying surfaces,which is similar with the daily average change.(4)During the observation period of nearly 12 months, the change trends of solar radiation and the PAR are generally consistent.The daily and monthly average solar radiation energy and PAR of semi-fixed sandy land are always the highest.The overall solar radiation and PAR in oasis-desert ecotone are higher than those inside the oasis.(5)During the spring sandstorm days,the average wind velocity in semi-fixed sand,fixed sandy land,small bazaar was 25.75%,27.05%,and 46.93% less than that in mobile sandy land.The average wind velocity of Rewake,grassland station,farmland 1,big county were 3.12,1.38,1.38 and 0.93 m·s~(-1),and the average temperature and humidity,solar radiation and PAR inside the oasis are generally higher than those outside the oasis.Oasisization in the oasis has a strong effect on the local microclimate, so on the sandstorm days in spring,the effect of increasing temperature and humidity inside the oasis is relatively well.The longer the reclamation period of the oasis was,the greater the vegetation coverage was, and the more significant the effect of cooling and humidification was in summer.
中文关键词	绿洲化 ; 绿洲-沙漠过渡带 ; 小气候 ; 植被覆盖度 ; 策勒县
英文关键词	oasisfication oasis-desert ecotone microclimate vegetation coverage Cele County
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6866791
来源机构	新疆师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/354090
作者单位	曹永香, 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830054, 中国. 王雪梅, 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830054, 中国. 开买尔古丽·阿不来提, 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830054, 中国. 苏松领, 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830054, 中国. 毛东雷, 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院;;中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室;;, 乌鲁木齐;;乌鲁木齐, 新疆;;新疆 830054;;830011, 中国. 蔡富艳, 乌鲁木齐职业大学应用工程学院, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830002, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	曹永香,毛东雷,蔡富艳,等. 新疆策勒绿洲化进程中典型下垫面的小气候空间差异[J]. 新疆师范大学,2020,40(6):180-189.
APA	曹永香,毛东雷,蔡富艳,王雪梅,开买尔古丽·阿不来提,&苏松领.(2020).新疆策勒绿洲化进程中典型下垫面的小气候空间差异.中国沙漠,40(6),180-189.
MLA	曹永香,et al."新疆策勒绿洲化进程中典型下垫面的小气候空间差异".中国沙漠 40.6(2020):180-189.