干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 施钾对黄土高原旱区胡麻钾素分配利用及产量的影响

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	施钾对黄土高原旱区胡麻钾素分配利用及产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of Potassium Application on Potassium Distribution,Utilization Rate and Yield of Oilseed Flax in Arid Area of the Loess Plateau
	董宏伟; 郭娟娟; 高玉红; 剡斌; 王旺田; 吴兵
来源期刊	土壤通报
ISSN	0564-3945
出版年	2020
卷号	51 期号:6 页码:1437-1444
中文摘要	为探究黄土高原地区胡麻产量形成对钾肥高效利用下的关系,以2个当地主栽胡麻品种陇亚11号(V1)、定亚23号(V2)为供试材料,设置不施钾(K0, K_2O 0kg hm~(-2))、低钾(K1,K_2O 30kg hm~(-2))、中钾(K2,K_2O 60kg hm~(-2))与高钾(K3,K_2O 90kg hm~(-2))4个钾肥水平进行大田试验,研究了不同施钾量对胡麻植株钾素积累分配转运及产量形成和钾肥高效利用的影响。结果表明,施钾后V1和V2两胡麻品种钾素积累量分别上升6.67% ~ 16.47%和12.74% ~ 22.12%,茎钾素转运率增加10.25% ~ 14.23%和1.64% ~ 10.26%,籽粒钾素分配比例上升-1.68% ~ 4.76%和3.45% ~ 14.51%,产量分别增加1.68% ~ 10.72%和6.68%~ 17.77%;中(K2)、高钾(K3)处理的V1和V2胡麻品种茎钾素转运量上升3.15% ~ 11.59%和8.62% ~ 48.27%,叶钾素转运量上升0.73% ~ 7.13%和5.69% ~ 9.72%。施钾后胡麻植株钾素积累差异关键时期为盛花期至青果期,生育前期,中钾处理胡麻钾素积累较高,较对照平均增加27.99%,至生育后期高钾处理胡麻植株钾素积累较高,较对照平均增加17.54%。青果期是胡麻籽粒钾素积累的关键期,籽粒分配比例平均为36.19%。虽V1胡麻品种的平均钾素积累量较V2品种高出16.37%,但V2品种的茎钾素转运量、籽粒钾素分配比例、产量较V1品种平均增加34.41%、7.23%、23.23%。V2品种在生育前期对中等施钾水平响应积极、在籽粒形成期钾素分配合理,为其钾素高效利用和高产获得奠定了物质基础。因此,本年度农田气候条件下,在试验地块或同等地力农田区,种植陇亚11号(V1)、定亚23号(V2)胡麻施钾(K_2O)60kg hm~(-2)可获得较高的产量和钾肥偏生产力,使胡麻的钾素利用特征得到较好发挥。
英文摘要	In order to explore the relationship between yield formation of oilseed flax(Long ya No.11 V1 and Ding ya No.23 V2)and the utilization efficiency of potassium(K)fertilizer in the Loess Plateau area,no K application(K0,0 kg hm~(-2)),low level of K(K1,K_2O 30 kg hm~(-2)),medium level of K(K2,K_2O 60 kg hm~(-2))and high level of K(K3,K_2O 90 kg hm~(-2))in the field.The effects of different K levels on the accumulation and distribution of K,the yield and yield formation features of oilseed flax plants,and the K fertilizer utilization efficiency were investigated.The results showed that the the K fertilizer application increased K accumulation in V1 and V2 plants by 6.67%-16.47% and 12.74%-22.12%,K transfer rate to stem increased by 10.25%-14.23% and 1.64%-10.26%,the K distribution percentage to the grain by-1.68%-4.76% and 3.45%-14.51%,and yield by 1.68%-10.72% and 6.68%-17.77% compared with K0 treatment,respectively.In the medium and high levels of K fertilizer treatments,K transport amounts to the stems of V1 and V2 were increased by 3.15%-11.59% and 8.62%-48.27%,and those to leaves of V1 and V2 were increased by 0.73%-7.13% and 5.69%-9.72%,respectively.The key stage of K accumulation in oilseed flax plants after K fertilizer application was from the anthesis to the kernel stages.During the early growth stage,K accumulation in the K2 treatment was higher;than that in the K0 treanment,with an average increase of 27.99%.K accumulation in the plant was averagely increased by 17.54% in the K3 compared with K0 treatment in the late growth stage.The kernel stage was the key stage for the accumulation of K in the grain,and the average distribution percentage of K was 36.19%.The average K accumulation in V1 was 16.37% higher than that in V2,K transfer to stalk and distribution in grain,and yield of V2 were on average 34.41%,7.23%,and 23.23% higher than those of V1.The positive response of V2 to the medium K level in the early growth stage and the optimal allocation of K during the grain formation stage laid a certain material foundation for its efficient utilization of K and high yield.Therefore,considering the utilization characteristics of K fertilizer by "Long ya No.11" and "Ding ya No.23" under the typical farmland climate conditions,the high yield and partial productivity of K fertilizer(K_2O)can be achieved by applying 60 kg hm~(-2) to oilseed flax in the same soil fertility or in the similar ecological type of farmland area.
中文关键词	胡麻 ; 钾素 ; 积累 ; 分配转运 ; 产量
英文关键词	Oilseed flax Potassium Accumulation Distribution and transport Yield
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6884167
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/353899
作者单位	董宏伟, 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国. 郭娟娟, 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国. 王旺田, 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国. 吴兵, 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国. 高玉红, 甘肃农业大学农学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国. 剡斌, 甘肃农业大学农学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	董宏伟,郭娟娟,高玉红,等. 施钾对黄土高原旱区胡麻钾素分配利用及产量的影响[J],2020,51(6):1437-1444.
APA	董宏伟,郭娟娟,高玉红,剡斌,王旺田,&吴兵.(2020).施钾对黄土高原旱区胡麻钾素分配利用及产量的影响.土壤通报,51(6),1437-1444.
MLA	董宏伟,et al."施钾对黄土高原旱区胡麻钾素分配利用及产量的影响".土壤通报 51.6(2020):1437-1444.