干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 沼液对河西绿洲葡萄园土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

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	沼液对河西绿洲葡萄园土壤微生物功能多样性的影响
其他题名	Effects of Biogas Slurry on Soil Microbial Functional Diversity of Vineyard in Hexi Oasis
	郝燕; 李金霞; 孙小妹; 陈年来
来源期刊	土壤
ISSN	0253-9829
出版年	2020
卷号	52 期号:6 页码:1203-1211
中文摘要	在甘肃祁连葡萄观光园进行了增施沼液试验,旨在探明沼液施用量和年限对土壤质量和土壤微生物功能多样性的影响,试验设置的处理包括:对照处理(施用化肥, N 180 kg/hm~2,P_2O_5 150 kg/hm~2,K_2O 22.5 kg/hm~2)、沼液替代化肥处理(33%、67 %和100%化肥氮分别被沼液氮替代)及沼液增施处理(沼液氮用量分别为化肥氮的133%、167 %和200%),采用Biolog-ECO微平板法测定土壤微生物功能多样性。结果表明:①33 %沼液处理的土壤微生物群落代谢活性最高,连续2 a使用沼液的处理间差异大于1 a使用。 ②土壤微生物利用的主要碳源为碳水化合物类,使用沼液能够显著提高土壤微生物对氨基酸类和羧酸类碳源的利用率。连续两年使用沼液,133 %和167 %沼液处理的效果优于其他处理。③与对照相比,使用沼液处理仅在提高土壤微生物均一度指数方面存在优势,且133 %和167 %沼液处理效果优于其他处理。④主成分分析表明,沼液使用量和使用年限对土壤微生物碳源利用水平以及代谢多样性的影响有差异,且使用年限增加能使各处理间变异程度增大。⑤碳水化合物类和氨基酸类碳源是引起不同沼液处理土壤微生物功能群分异的主要碳源,其中碳水化合物类是沼液使用年限增加后土壤微生物群落变化的敏感碳源。⑥Pearson相关性分析表明,土壤微生物功能多样性与土壤有机质、碱解氮含量呈正相关关系,与有效磷、速效钾含量呈负相关关系。综上, 长期使用沼液(尤其是沼液与化肥配施)有利于提高土壤微生物代谢活性和土壤微生物群落功能多样性,且当沼液使用量较大时可以完全取代化肥。
英文摘要	A 2 a field experiment was conducted in Qilian Grape Sightseeing Garden of Gansu Province in order to investigate the effects of biogas slurry application amount and year on soil quality and soil microbial functional diversity. The designed treatments included CK treatment (pure chemical fertilizer, N 180 kg/hm~2, P_2O_5 150 kg/hm~2, K_2O 22.5 kg/hm~2), biogas slurry replacing chemical fertilizer treatments (biogas slurry nitrogen replaced 33%, 67% and 100% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen), and increasing biogas slurry treatments (biogas slurry nitrogen were 133%, 167% and 200% of chemical fertilizer nitrogen). Soil microbial functional diversity was determined by Biolog method. The results showed that metabolic activity of soil microbial community was the lowest in 100% biogas slurry treatment but the highest in 33% biogas slurry treatment. Meanwhile the differences in metabolic activity between the treatments with 2 a application biogas slurry were greater than those of 1a. The main carbon sources used by soil microbes were carbohydrates, biogas slurry application significantly increased the utilization rates of amino acids and carboxylic acids. Under the condition of applying biogas slurry for 2 a, the effects of 133% and 167% biogas slurry treatments were better than those of other treatments. Compared with CK, biogas slurry application only had obvious advantage in promoting the McIntosh index, and the effects of 133% and 167% biogas slurry treatments were better than those of other treatments. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that biogas slurry applying amount and year had different effects on soil microbial carbon source utilization rate and metabolic diversity, and the variation degree among treatments increased with increasing applying year of biogas slurry. Carbohydrates and amino acids were the main carbon sources that caused the differentiation of soil microbial functional groups treated with different amounts of biogas slurry, and carbohydrates were the sensitive carbon sources for soil microbial community changes after the increase of applying year of biogas slurry. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil microbial community functional diversity had positive correlation with soil organic matter and available N, and negative correlation with available P and K. In conclusion, biogas slurry application (particularly combined with chemical fertilizer) is beneficial to improve soil microbial metabolic activity and soil microbial community functional diversity, and it can completely replace chemical fertilizer when enough amount is applied.
中文关键词	沼液 ; 使用年限 ; Biolog-ECO微平板法 ; 土壤微生物功能多样性
英文关键词	Biogas slurry Application years Biolog-ECO microplate method Soil microbial functional diversity
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6876084
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/353894
作者单位	郝燕, 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国. 李金霞, 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国. 孙小妹, 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国. 陈年来, 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郝燕,李金霞,孙小妹,等. 沼液对河西绿洲葡萄园土壤微生物功能多样性的影响[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2020,52(6):1203-1211.
APA	郝燕,李金霞,孙小妹,&陈年来.(2020).沼液对河西绿洲葡萄园土壤微生物功能多样性的影响.土壤,52(6),1203-1211.
MLA	郝燕,et al."沼液对河西绿洲葡萄园土壤微生物功能多样性的影响".土壤 52.6(2020):1203-1211.