干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 降雨对荒漠草原生物土壤结皮化学计量的影响

Arid

	降雨对荒漠草原生物土壤结皮化学计量的影响
其他题名	Effects of precipitation on stoichiometry of biological soil crusts in a desert steppe of Northern China
	吴旭东; 俞鸿千; 蒋齐; 王占军; 何建龙; 季波; 许浩
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2020
卷号	36 期号:16 页码:118-124
中文摘要	生物土壤结皮是干旱地区地表景观的基本组成部分,对生物地球化学循环具有重要影响。在中国北方荒漠化地区,生物土壤结皮化学计量在很大程度上是未知的,特别是降雨如何影响荒漠草原生物土壤结皮化学计量仍然不确定。该研究以自然降雨为对照,通过使用遮雨棚和喷灌系统控制降水输入,开展增水和减水处理野外控制性试验,研究降雨量对荒漠草原生物土壤结皮化学计量的影响。试验结果表明:1)减水处理增加了结皮层C∶N、C∶P和N∶P的比率,增水处理增加了结皮层下垫面C∶N、C∶P和N∶P比率;2)减水处理增大了结皮层与下垫面之间C含量的差异,同时减小了N和P含量的差异,增水处理增大了结皮层与下垫面之间 N和P含量的差异,减水处理有利于结皮层C的积累,而增水后结皮层中磷的有效性降低;3)适宜的土壤水分条件促进了结皮层及下垫面土壤微生物生物量碳(S oil Microbial Biomass Carbon,SMBC)和土壤微生物生物量氮(Soil Microbial Biomass Nitrogen,SMBN)的积累,而过高的降雨量导致土壤养分损失,不利于SMBC和SMBN的积累。相对干旱的土壤环境有利于结皮层土壤C、N的富集,为土壤微生物呼吸提供较多的营养物质,有利于SMBC和SMBN的积累。总之,在中国北方荒漠化地区,生物土壤结皮和下垫面的C∶ N∶P化学计量对降雨量有不同的响应。
英文摘要	Biological soil crusts are fundamental components and surface landscape in arid regions, and biogeochemical process also depends on them. However, biological soil crusts stoichiometry remains largely unknown in the desert region of Northern China. The influences of precipitation on biological soil crusts stoichiometry is also lacking in desert steppe. This paper aims to investigate the effects of precipitation on the stoichiometry of biological soil crusts in desert steppe. This field study was conducted at Dashuikeng Grassland Research Station, Yanchi County (106°58'E, 37°24'N, average elevation, 1 560 m), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China. This region covers a large ecosystem of desert steppe that characterized by low rainfall and uneven precipitation, along the southwest edge of the Mu Us Sandy Land. In the study desert steppe area on the southeastern margin of the Tengger Desert, the average annual precipitation was only 298.3 mm during the 60 years from 1959 to 2019. The precipitation was regulated by the measurement of artificial rain using rainwater shed and sprinkler irrigation technologies, in order to evaluate precipitation effects on the biological soil crusts in desert steppe compared with natural precipitation. 28 precipitation treatments (6 m*6 m) were set up at the test station in early March 2018, where 3 m wide buffer zone was designed between each time. Control conditions of precipitation were designed via the shelter and sprinkler irrigation system, including 7 precipitation treatments, natural precipitation (CK), drought (1/2 reduction in precipitation, DW1/2 treatment, 1/3 reduction in natural precipitation, DW1/3 treatment, 1/4 reduction in precipitation, DW1/4 treatment), and increasing precipitation (1/2 increase in natural precipitation, IW1/2 treatment, 1/3 increase in natural precipitation, IW1/3 treatment, 1/4 increase in natural precipitation, IW1/4 treatment). Each treatment has 4 spares for the reproductivity. In the same period, small weather stations were set up in the test area. TRIME-PICO TDR Portable Soil Moisture Meter (made in Germany) was used for the data collection of precipitation in the soil water depth of 10 cm. Carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents of biological soil crusts were measured to examine the C: N: P stoichiometry and its driving factors. Three findings can be achieved: 1) Water-reducing treatment was beneficial to the enrichment of C, N and P in the crust. DW1/4 treatment and natural precipitation treatment posed significant effects on the C content in the crust layer and underlying soil. The water-reducing treatment can reduce the N level of the crust, while increase the N level of the underlying surface. The content of P in the crust layer was the lowest under DW 1/3 treatment, whereas the content of P in the underlying surface reached the peak under DW 1/2 treatment; 2) Natural rainfall and increased precipitation can significantly improve the underlying surface C: N and C: P. There was a reduction of N: P in the crust layer and its underlying surface; 3) Suitable soil moisture conditions promoted the accumulation of SMBC (Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon) and SMBN (Soil Microbial Biomass Nitrogen) on the crust layer and underlying surface, while excessive rainfall caused the loss of soil nutrients, which was not conducive to the accumulation of SMBC and SMBN. The relatively dry soil environment was conducive to the enrichment of soil carbon and nitrogen in the crust layer, provided more nutrients for soil microbial respiration, and was conducive to the accumulation of SMBC and SMBN. In short, the C: N: P stoichiometry of biological soil crusts and underlying surfaces had different responses to precipitation in the desertification areas of northern China.
中文关键词	降雨 ; 土壤 ; 生物结皮 ; 化学计量 ; 荒漠草原
英文关键词	stoichiometry soils biological crusts precipitation desert steppe
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6834724
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/353680
作者单位	吴旭东, 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化防治研究所, 银川, 宁夏 750002, 中国.; 俞鸿千, 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化防治研究所, 银川, 宁夏 750002, 中国.; 蒋齐, 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化防治研究所, 银川, 宁夏 750002, 中国.; 王占军, 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化防治研究所, 银川, 宁夏 750002, 中国.; 何建龙, 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化防治研究所, 银川, 宁夏 750002, 中国.; 季波, 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化防治研究所, 银川, 宁夏 750002, 中国.; 许浩, 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化防治研究所, 银川, 宁夏 750002, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴旭东,俞鸿千,蒋齐,等. 降雨对荒漠草原生物土壤结皮化学计量的影响[J],2020,36(16):118-124.
APA	吴旭东.,俞鸿千.,蒋齐.,王占军.,何建龙.,...&许浩.(2020).降雨对荒漠草原生物土壤结皮化学计量的影响.农业工程学报,36(16),118-124.
MLA	吴旭东,et al."降雨对荒漠草原生物土壤结皮化学计量的影响".农业工程学报 36.16(2020):118-124.