干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 氮肥运筹方式对胡麻干物质积累、产量及氮素吸收转运的影响

Arid

	氮肥运筹方式对胡麻干物质积累、产量及氮素吸收转运的影响
其他题名	Effects of nitrogen fertilizer management on dry matter accumulation, nitrogen utilization and yield in oilseed flax
	郭娟娟; 董宏伟; 崔政军; 剡斌; 高玉红; 高珍妮; 吴兵
来源期刊	甘肃农业大学学报
ISSN	1003-4315
出版年	2020
卷号	55 期号:4 页码:60-68
中文摘要	【目的】研究了不同氮肥运筹方式对胡麻干物质、氮素积累转运、胡麻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响,旨在为干旱半干旱地区氮肥运筹方式的优化提供理论依据.【方法】在大田环境下,以不施氮(N_0)为副对照.整个生育时期施肥总量为150 kg/hm~2,全部基施(N_1)为主对照,分析比较了4种氮肥运筹方式;N_2(2/3基肥+1/3现蕾期追肥)、N_3(1/2基肥+1/2现蕾期追肥)、N_4(1/3基肥+2/3现蕾期追肥)、N_5(1/3基肥+1/3分茎期追肥+1/3现蕾期追肥).【结果】采用适宜基追肥运筹氮肥能显著提高胡麻干物质与氮素积累和转运、产量和氮素利用率.追肥可以满足胡麻植株在盛花期吸收氮素高峰的需求,促进了植株对于同化物和氮素的积累能力.其中全生育期干物质和氮素总积累量均为N_4、N_5较高,且成熟期N_5较N_0、N_1分别显著增加16.3%、5.0%和52.3%、21.5%.营养器官氮素转移量、氮素转移效率和氮肥贡献率均总体表现为随运筹增加而上升的趋势,N_3、N_5处理下最优,峰值分别为108 kg/hm~2、60.5%和85.7%,氮肥农学利用率和偏生产力在N_1、N_5处理下较高,N_5较N_3、N_4处理分别增加2.7、2.2 kg/kg和2.7 kg/kg、2.3 kg/kg,但氮肥生理利用率在运筹方式下无明显规律.籽粒产量N_5处理下最高为1 958.3 kg/hm~2,较不施肥处理(N_0)及全部基施(N_1)分别显著增产15.1%、5.7%,较其他处理增产5.2%~ 10.6%.【结论】本试验条件下,基肥50~75 kg/hm~2+现蕾期施肥50~100 kg/hm~2范围内氮肥施量对于胡麻植株生长发育的阶段性统筹效应明显,N_5处理(基肥50 kg/hm~2+分茎期追肥50 kg/hm~2+现蕾期追肥50 kg/hm~2)可做为当地胡麻较为适宜的氮肥运筹参考方式.
英文摘要	【Objective】In order to find the optimal nitrogen fertilization method and provide theoretical basis for nitrogen optimization in arid and semi-arid regions,the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer management on dry matter accumulation,nitrogen accumulation and translocation,yield and nitrogen use efficiency of oilseed flax were studied.【Method】The nitrogen fertilization amount of 150 kg/ha in whole growth period was used as main control(basic application,N_1)and zero nitrogen application as sub-control(N_0).The designed treatments were N_2(2/3 base fertilizer+1/3 topdressing in squaring stage),N_3(1/2 base fertilizer+1/2 topdressing in squaring stage),N_4(1/3 base fertilizer+2/3 topdressing in squaring stage)and N_5(1/3 base fertilizer+1/3 topdressing in stemming stage +1/3 topdressing in squaring stage).【Result】Results showed that proper application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the yield,dry matter,nitrogen accumulation and transport,and nitrogen utilization of flax.Topdressing could meet the nitrogen demand peak in flowering stage of flax plant,and promote the accumulation of assimilates and nitrogen.The total accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in whole growth period was higher in N_4 and N_5 treatments.At the maturity stage,N_5 was 16.3%,5.0%and 52.3%,21.5%greater than N_0 and N_1 respectively.Nitrogen transfer amount,efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer contribution rate of vegetative organs were generally varied with N application time,N_3 and N_5 were the best,and the peak values were 108 kg/ha,60.5%and 85.7%,respectively.The agronomic utilization rate and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer were higher under N_1 and N_5,and N_5 was 2.72,2.24 kg/kg and 2.70,2.30 kg/kg higher than N_3 and N_4 respectively.The highest grain yield was obtained in treatment N_5(1 958.33 kg/ha),which was increased by 15.13%and 5.72%compared to N_0 and N_1 respectively.Compared with other treatments,it was increased by 5.15%to 10.61%.【Conclusion】Under this experimental conditions,the application of nitrogen fertilizer of 50 to75 kg/ha(base application)with 50 to 100 kg/ha topdressing at squaring stage showed significant effect for the growth and development of flax.Treatment N_5(50 kg/ha base fertilizer+ 50 kg/ha topdressing at stemming stage+50 kg/ha topdressing at squaring stage)can be used as a suitable reference for nitrogen fertilizer management in local flax production.
中文关键词	胡麻 ; 氮肥运筹 ; 干物质积累 ; 氮素利用 ; 产量
英文关键词	flax nitrogen fertilizer operation dry matter accumulation nitrogen utilization yield
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6826462
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/353436
作者单位	郭娟娟, 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国.; 董宏伟, 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国.; 吴兵, 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, ;;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国.; 崔政军, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国.; 剡斌, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国.; 高玉红, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国.; 高珍妮, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;甘肃农业大学信息科学技术学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郭娟娟,董宏伟,崔政军,等. 氮肥运筹方式对胡麻干物质积累、产量及氮素吸收转运的影响[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2020,55(4):60-68.
APA	郭娟娟.,董宏伟.,崔政军.,剡斌.,高玉红.,...&吴兵.(2020).氮肥运筹方式对胡麻干物质积累、产量及氮素吸收转运的影响.甘肃农业大学学报,55(4),60-68.
MLA	郭娟娟,et al."氮肥运筹方式对胡麻干物质积累、产量及氮素吸收转运的影响".甘肃农业大学学报 55.4(2020):60-68.