干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同覆盖方式对农田土壤水热状况及马铃薯产量的影响

Arid

	不同覆盖方式对农田土壤水热状况及马铃薯产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of Different Mulching Satterns on Soil Moisture,Temperature, and Potato Yield
	谢成俊; 王平; 陈娟
来源期刊	土壤通报
ISSN	0564-3945
出版年	2019
卷号	50 期号:5
中文摘要	用田间试验的方法研究了不同覆盖方式对马铃薯农田土壤水、热状况及作物增产的效应。试验设白色半膜垄作(BB)、白色半膜垄作+垄沟秸秆覆盖(BJ)、黑色半膜垄作(HB)、黑色半膜垄作+垄沟秸秆覆盖(HJ)、秸秆覆盖垄作(JL)、裸地垄作(CK)6个处理。结果表明:BB、BJ、HB、HJ4种覆膜处理与CK相比马铃薯生育期内0 ~ 5 cm土层土壤温度分别提高了2.54 ℃、 1.91 ℃、1.52 ℃、1.10 ℃;而JL覆盖处理与CK相比土壤平均温度降低了0.96 ℃,且在马铃薯生育前期降温、生育后期则具有增温作用,但日温差缩小。BB、BJ、HB、HJ及JL覆盖处理与CK相比,马铃薯生育期内0 ~ 100 cm土层土壤平均含水量分别提高了13.28%、19.52%、19.47%、26.99%及11.40%,水分利用效率提高了84.64%、101.8 7%、68.16%、102.12%及28.51%,马铃薯产量提高了73.30%、87.87%、56.00%、81.53%及19.60%。即在6处理中以BJ和HJ处理效果最优。因此,应优先推广使用地膜(白色半膜或黑色半膜)垄作+垄沟秸秆覆盖方式,这两种覆盖方式栽培马铃薯可有效提高天然降水的利用效率,实现稳产高产。本研究结果为该区确立高效覆盖方式提供了理论依据。
英文摘要	The soil water content,temperature,water use efficiency, and potato yields were analyzed in the field experiment under different mulching patterns in 2017 in order to identify the synergy effects of soil water and temperature under different mulching patterns on sustainable potato (Solanum tuberosum)productivity.The following 6 treatments were conducted: (1)half white plastic film mulching on ridges (BB);(2)half white plastic film mulching on ridges and straw mulching on furrows (BJ);(3)half black plastic film mulching on ridges (HB);(4)half black plastic film mulching on ridges and straw mulching on furrows (HJ);(5)straw mulching on ridges and furrows (JL);(6)conventional ridges and furrows planting without mulching (CK).The results showed thatsoil temperature at 0-5 cm layer in the treatments of BB, BJ, HB and HJ during the whole growth period was increased by 2.54 ℃, 1.91 ℃, 1.52 ℃ and 1.10 ℃compared with CK,respectively.JL treatment brought down the soil temperature at early growth stages of potato, and increased soil temperature and decreased daily temperature difference at late growth stage of potato.Treatments of BB, BJ, HB, HJ and JL increased soil moisture at 0-100 cm layers by 13.28%,19.52%, 19.47%,26.99% and 11.40%, improved water use efficiency by 84.64%, 101.87%, 68.16%, 102.12% and 28.51%, and increased yield by 73.30%, 87.87%, 56.00%, 81.53% and 19.60%, respectively, compared with CK.In conclusion, BJ and HJ could effectively increase soil water content and high yields as a highly effective cultivation mode for potato production in arid areas.
中文关键词	旱作区 ; 不同覆盖方式 ; 土壤温度 ; 土壤含水量 ; 水分利用效率 ; 马铃薯产量
英文关键词	Arid areas Mulching soil water Soil temperature Maize yield Water use efficiency Potato yield
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6641145
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/353279
作者单位	谢成俊, 兰州市农业科技研究推广中心, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国. 王平, 兰州市农业科技研究推广中心, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国. 陈娟, 甘肃省农业科学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	谢成俊,王平,陈娟. 不同覆盖方式对农田土壤水热状况及马铃薯产量的影响[J],2019,50(5).
APA	谢成俊,王平,&陈娟.(2019).不同覆盖方式对农田土壤水热状况及马铃薯产量的影响.土壤通报,50(5).
MLA	谢成俊,et al."不同覆盖方式对农田土壤水热状况及马铃薯产量的影响".土壤通报 50.5(2019).