干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 垄沟集雨种植对土壤水热效应及紫花苜蓿产量的影响

Arid

	垄沟集雨种植对土壤水热效应及紫花苜蓿产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting on soil moisture,temperature,and alfalfa fodder yield in a semi-arid region of China
	周旭姣; 王琦; 张登奎; 尹鑫卫; 李晓玲; 刘青林; 贾生海
来源期刊	草业学报
ISSN	1004-5759
出版年	2019
卷号	28 期号:11
中文摘要	为探索和解决半干旱黄土高原区垄沟集雨种植紫花苜蓿的可持续性,采用完全随机设计布置大田试验,以传统平作为对照,研究不同垄覆盖材料(土壤结皮、生物可降解地膜和塑料地膜)和不同沟垄比[沟宽(cm)∶垄宽(cm)分别为60∶30、60∶45和60∶60]对垄沟集雨种植土壤水热效应、紫花苜蓿产量和水分利用效率(WUE)的影响。结果表明,紫花苜蓿连续种植第4和5年,深度0~3.0 m土壤含水量随紫花苜蓿生育期和生育年限增加而降低,排列次序为塑料膜垄>生物可降膜垄>土垄>传统平作,土壤含水量随集雨垄宽度的增加而增加。垄沟集雨连续种植第4和5年紫花苜蓿全生育期各处理表层(0~1.2 m)土壤处于干旱胁迫状态,随生育期和生育年限延伸,干旱胁迫程度加剧,尤其传统平作。不同处理之间沟中土壤温度差异不明显,垄上土壤温度差异明显,随集雨垄宽度增加而增加。与传统平作相比,MCS_(30)、MCS_(45)、MCS_(60)、BF_(30)、BF_(45)、BF_(60)、PF_ (30)、PF_(45)和PF_(60)(MCS、BF和PF分别代表土垄、生物可降解膜垄和塑料膜垄,下标分别表示垄宽为30、45和60 cm)的2年垄上平均土壤温度分别增加0.68、0.99、1.49、2.49、3.05、3.44、3.44、4.03和4.29℃。垄沟集雨种植具有调温保墒的作用,促进紫花苜蓿生长发育和产量形成,与传统平作相比,MCS_(30)、MCS_(45)、MCS_(60)、BF_(30)、BF_(4 5)、BF_(60)、PF_(30)、PF_(45)和PF_(60)的2年紫花苜蓿全生育期平均实际干草产量分别增加7.77%、7.30%、2.1 1%、32.23%、29.95%、22.47%、40.88%、38.44%和28.37%,WUE分别增加17.94、26.16、29.57、17 .35、19.47、17.85、20.99、22.66和20.63 kg·hm~(-2)·mm~(-1)。多年生深根性豆科牧草紫花苜蓿的根系层土壤干燥化机理需要做进一步研究。
英文摘要	The aim of this study was to explore the suitability of the ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting system for the sustainable production of a perennial legume(alfalfa)in a semi-arid region of China.A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different ridge mulching materials(manually compacted soil,MCS; biodegradable film,BF;and plastic film,PF)and different furrow-to-ridge ratios(60∶30,60∶45,and 60∶ 60)on soil moisture,temperature,alfalfa forage yield,and water use efficiency(WUE)in a completely randomized arrangement.Traditional flat planting(TFP)served as the control.Soil water storage at 0-3.0 m depth decreased as the alfalfa growth period progressed and the stand age increased over the consecutive alfalfa cultivation for 4-5 years.The treatments were ranked,from the highest soil water storage to the lowest soil water storage,as follows:PF>BF>MCS>TFP.The soil water storage increased with ridge width increasing. Soil desiccation in the surface layer(0-1.2 m)occurred in all treatments and aggravated as the alfalfa growth period progressed and the stand age increased,especially in TFP.The soil temperature on ridge tops differed significantly among treatments,but that at furrow bottoms did not.The soil temperature at ridge tops increased with ridge width increasing.Over the 2-year period,the average topsoil temperature on ridge tops increased by 0.68,0.99,1.49,2.49,3.05,3.44,3.44,4.03 and 4.29℃for MCS_(30),MCS_(45),MCS_(60),BF_(30),BF_(45), BF_(60),PF_(30),PF_(45),and PF_(60)(where subscripts 30,45,and 60 refer to ridge widths in cm),respectively,compared with that for TFP.Ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting increased soil moisture and temperature,which promoted alfalfa growth,development,and yield.Over the 2-year period,in MCS_(30),MCS_(45),MCS_(60),BF_(30), BF_(45),BF_(60),PF_(30),PF_(45),and PF_(60),the average annual forage yield increased by 7.77%,7.30%,2.11%,32.23%,29.95%,22.47%,40.88%,38.44%,and 28.37%,respectively,and the average WUE increased by 17.94,26.16,29.57,17.35,19.47,17.85,20.99,22.66,and 20.63 kg·ha~(-1)·mm~(-1),respectively,compared with those in TFP.Further research is needed to investigate the soil desiccation mechanism in the alfalfa root zone in ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting system.
中文关键词	紫花苜蓿 ; 垄沟集雨 ; 土壤水分 ; 土壤温度 ; 产量 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	alfalfa ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting soil moisture soil temperature fodder yield water use efficiency
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6608509
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/353210
作者单位	周旭姣, 甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国. 李晓玲, 甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国. 贾生海, 甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国. 王琦, 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国. 张登奎, 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国. 尹鑫卫, 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所;;中国科学院大学, 阜康荒漠生态国家野外科学观测研究站;;, 乌鲁木齐;;, 新疆;;北京 830011;;100049, 中国. 刘青林, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周旭姣,王琦,张登奎,等. 垄沟集雨种植对土壤水热效应及紫花苜蓿产量的影响[J],2019,28(11).
APA	周旭姣.,王琦.,张登奎.,尹鑫卫.,李晓玲.,...&贾生海.(2019).垄沟集雨种植对土壤水热效应及紫花苜蓿产量的影响.草业学报,28(11).
MLA	周旭姣,et al."垄沟集雨种植对土壤水热效应及紫花苜蓿产量的影响".草业学报 28.11(2019).