干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): XMET-An Unattended Meteorological Sensing System for Austere Environments

Arid

DOI	10.1175/JTECH-D-20-0016.1
	XMET-An Unattended Meteorological Sensing System for Austere Environments
	Rogowski, Peter; Otero, Mark; Hazard, Joel; Muschamp, Thomas; Katz, Scott; Terrill, Eric
通讯作者	Rogowski, P (corresponding author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Phys Lab, Coastal Observing Res & Dev Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
ISSN	0739-0572
EISSN	1520-0426
出版年	2021
卷号	38 期号:1 页码:17-30
英文摘要	Accurate surface meteorological (MET) observations reported reliably and in near-real time remain a critical component of on-scene environmental observation systems. Presented is a system developed by Scripps Institution of Oceanography that allows for rapid, global deployment of ground-based weather observations to support both timely decision-making and collection of high-quality weather time series for science or military applications in austere environments. Named the Expeditionary Meteorological (XMET), these weather stations have been deployed in extreme conditions devoid of infrastructure ranging from tropical, polar, maritime, and desert environments where near continuous observations were reported. To date, over 1 million weather observations have been collected during 225 deployments around the world with a data report success rate of 99.5%. XMET had its genesis during Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), when the U.S. Marine Corps 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing identified an immediate capability gap in environmental monitoring of their operation area due to high spatiotemporal variability of dust storms in the region. To address the sensing gap, XMET was developed to be a portable, expendable, ruggedized, self-contained, bidirectional, weather observation station that can be quickly deployed anywhere in the world to autonomously sample and report aviation weather observations. This paper provides an overview of the XMETs design, reliability in different environments, and examples of unique meteorological events that highlight both the unit's reliability and ability to provide quality time series. The overview shows expeditionary MET sensing systems, such as the XMET, are able to provide long-term continuous observational records in remote and austere locations essential for regional spatiotemporal MET characterization.
英文关键词	Complex terrain Synoptic-scale processes Automatic weather stations In situ atmospheric observations Surface observations Dust or dust storms
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000646040500002
WOS关键词	DUST STORMS ; WIND
WOS类目	Engineering, Ocean ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向	Engineering ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/350737
作者单位	[Rogowski, Peter; Otero, Mark; Hazard, Joel; Muschamp, Thomas; Katz, Scott; Terrill, Eric] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Phys Lab, Coastal Observing Res & Dev Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rogowski, Peter,Otero, Mark,Hazard, Joel,et al. XMET-An Unattended Meteorological Sensing System for Austere Environments[J],2021,38(1):17-30.
APA	Rogowski, Peter,Otero, Mark,Hazard, Joel,Muschamp, Thomas,Katz, Scott,&Terrill, Eric.(2021).XMET-An Unattended Meteorological Sensing System for Austere Environments.JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY,38(1),17-30.
MLA	Rogowski, Peter,et al."XMET-An Unattended Meteorological Sensing System for Austere Environments".JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY 38.1(2021):17-30.