干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Drought trend analysis in a semi-arid area of Iraq based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Water Index and Standardized Precipitation Index

Arid

DOI	10.1007/s40333-021-0062-9
	Drought trend analysis in a semi-arid area of Iraq based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Water Index and Standardized Precipitation Index
	Al-Quraishi, Ayad M. F.; Gaznayee, Heman A.; Crespi, Mattia
通讯作者	Al-Quraishi, AMF (corresponding author), Tishk Int Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Surveying & Geomat Engn, Erbil 44001, Iraq.
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF ARID LAND
ISSN	1674-6767
EISSN	2194-7783
出版年	2021
卷号	13 期号:4 页码:413-430
英文摘要	Drought was a severe recurring phenomenon in Iraq over the past two decades due to climate change despite the fact that Iraq has been one of the most water-rich countries in the Middle East in the past. The Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR) is located in the north of Iraq, which has also suffered from extreme drought. In this study, the drought severity status in Sulaimaniyah Province, one of four provinces of the IKR, was investigated for the years from 1998 to 2017. Thus, Landsat time series dataset, including 40 images, were downloaded and used in this study. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) were utilized as spectral-based drought indices and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was employed as a meteorological-based drought index, to assess the drought severity and analyse the changes of vegetative cover and water bodies. The study area experienced precipitation deficiency and severe drought in 1999, 2000, 2008, 2009, and 2012. Study findings also revealed a drop in the vegetative cover by 33.3% in the year 2000. Furthermore, the most significant shrinkage in water bodies was observed in the Lake Darbandikhan (LDK), which lost 40.5% of its total surface area in 2009. The statistical analyses revealed that precipitation was significantly positively correlated with the SPI and the surface area of the LDK (correlation coefficients of 0.92 and 0.72, respectively). The relationship between SPI and NDVI-based vegetation cover was positive but not significant. Low precipitation did not always correspond to vegetative drought; the delay of the effect of precipitation on NDVI was one year.
英文关键词	climate change drought Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) delay effect
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	Bronze
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000650996900007
WOS关键词	AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT ; RIVER-BASIN ; REGION
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/350731
作者单位	[Al-Quraishi, Ayad M. F.] Tishk Int Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Surveying & Geomat Engn, Erbil 44001, Iraq; [Gaznayee, Heman A.] Salahaddin Univ, Coll Agr Engn Sci, Dept Forestry, Erbil 44002, Iraq; [Crespi, Mattia] Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Geodesy & Geomat Div, I-00185 Rome, Italy; [Crespi, Mattia] Sapienza Univ Rome, Sapienza Sch Adv Studies, I-00185 Rome, Italy
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Al-Quraishi, Ayad M. F.,Gaznayee, Heman A.,Crespi, Mattia. Drought trend analysis in a semi-arid area of Iraq based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Water Index and Standardized Precipitation Index[J],2021,13(4):413-430.
APA	Al-Quraishi, Ayad M. F.,Gaznayee, Heman A.,&Crespi, Mattia.(2021).Drought trend analysis in a semi-arid area of Iraq based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Water Index and Standardized Precipitation Index.JOURNAL OF ARID LAND,13(4),413-430.
MLA	Al-Quraishi, Ayad M. F.,et al."Drought trend analysis in a semi-arid area of Iraq based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Water Index and Standardized Precipitation Index".JOURNAL OF ARID LAND 13.4(2021):413-430.