干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): A two-year assessment of particulate air pollution and sources in Kuwait

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117016
	A two-year assessment of particulate air pollution and sources in Kuwait
	Alahmad, Barrak; Al-Hemoud, Ali; Kang, Choong-Min; Almarri, Fhaid; Kommula, Venkateswarlu; Wolfson, Jack M.; Bernstein, Aaron S.; Garshick, Eric; Schwartz, Joel; Koutrakis, Petros
通讯作者	Alahmad, B (corresponding author), Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 401 Pk Dr,Landmark Ctr Room 410, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
来源期刊	ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
ISSN	0269-7491
EISSN	1873-6424
出版年	2021
卷号	282
英文摘要	Background: Kuwait and the Gulf region have a desert, hyper-arid and hot climate that makes outdoor air sampling challenging. The region is also affected by intense dust storms. Monitoring challenges from the harsh climate have limited data needed to inform appropriate regulatory actions to address air pollution in the region. Objectives: To compare gravimetric measurements with existing networks that rely on beta-attenuation measurements in a desert climate; determine the annual levels of PM2.5 and PM10 over a two-year period in Kuwait; assess compliance with air quality standards; and identify and quantify PM2.5 sources. Methods: We custom-designed particle samplers that can withstand large quantities of dust without their inlet becoming overloaded. The samplers were placed in two populated residential locations, one in Kuwait City and another near industrial and petrochemical facilities in Ali Sabah Al-Salem (ASAS) to collect PM2.5 and PM10 samples for mass and elemental analysis. We used positive matrix factorization to identify PM2.5 sources and apportion their contributions. Results: We collected 2339 samples during the period October 2017 through October 2019. The beta attenuation method in measuring PM2.5 consistently exceeded gravimetric measurements, especially during dust events. The annual levels for PM2.5 in Kuwait City and ASAS were 41.6 +/- 29.0 and 47.5 +/- 27.6 mg/m(3), respectively. Annual PM2.5 levels in Kuwait were nearly four times higher than the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Regional pollution was a major contributor to PM2.5 levels in both locations accounting for 44% in Kuwait City and 46% in ASAS. Dust storms and re-suspended road dust were the second and third largest contributors to PM2.5, respectively. Conclusions: The premise that frequent and extreme dust storms make air quality regulation futile is dubious. In this comprehensive particulate pollution analysis, we show that the sizeable regional anthropogenic particulate sources warrant national and regional mitigation strategies to ensure compliance with air quality standards. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
英文关键词	Air pollution Kuwait BAM Source apportionment Air quality Dust storms
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	hybrid
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000660291900002
WOS关键词	DUST STORMS ; FINE PARTICLES ; PM2.5 ; AEROSOL ; COARSE ; MATTER ; MORTALITY ; CARBON ; PM10
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/350141
作者单位	[Alahmad, Barrak; Kang, Choong-Min; Wolfson, Jack M.; Schwartz, Joel; Koutrakis, Petros] Harvard Univ, Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Dept, Boston, MA 02115 USA; [Alahmad, Barrak] Kuwait Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Hawalli, Kuwait; [Al-Hemoud, Ali] Kuwait Inst Sci Res, Environm & Life Sci Res Ctr, POB 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; [Almarri, Fhaid; Kommula, Venkateswarlu] Environm Lab, Al Rehab Complex, Hawalli 36141, Kuwait; [Bernstein, Aaron S.] Harvard Univ, Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Climate Hlth & Global Environm, Boston, MA 02115 USA; [Bernstein, Aaron S.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Med Sch, Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA; [Garshick, Eric] Vet Affairs Boston Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Pulm Allergy Sleep & Crit Care Med Sect, West Roxbury, MA USA; [Garshick, Eric] Harvard Med Sch, West Roxbury, MA USA; [Garshick, Eric] Harvard Univ, Harvard Med Sch, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Div Network Med,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Alahmad, Barrak,Al-Hemoud, Ali,Kang, Choong-Min,et al. A two-year assessment of particulate air pollution and sources in Kuwait[J],2021,282.
APA	Alahmad, Barrak.,Al-Hemoud, Ali.,Kang, Choong-Min.,Almarri, Fhaid.,Kommula, Venkateswarlu.,...&Koutrakis, Petros.(2021).A two-year assessment of particulate air pollution and sources in Kuwait.ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION,282.
MLA	Alahmad, Barrak,et al."A two-year assessment of particulate air pollution and sources in Kuwait".ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 282(2021).